Inesct Diversity And Its Relationship With Birds At Hohhot Baita International Airport

Insects in airport lawns are an important attraction for birds.In order to reduce airport birds from the perspective of the food chain and reduce the risk of bird strikes,from May to October in 2020-2021,a systematic survey of insects at Hohhot Baita International Airport was carried out,the composition and characteristics of the airport insect community were analyzed;147 birds specimen of 26 species of the airport were dissected,and their food composition was analyzed,the insects in the stomach contents of 6 bird-strike dangerous bird species were molecularly identified(DNA barcoding technology)to determine the species of insects they feed on;the correlation between birds and insects in the airport was analyzed,and the insects closely related to birds of the airport were determined,which provided a scientific basis for the precise pest control at the airport.The main results are as follows:1.In this study,a total of 27700 insect specimens were collected in two years,belonging to 8 orders and 65 families.The dominant groups of overground insect in2020 are Lygaeidae and Cicadellidae,while in 2021 are Lygaeidae and Formicidae.The dominant groups of litter-layer insect in both 2020 and 2021 are Formicidae and Carabidae.2.The number of individuals and families of overground insect were the highest in sample 5(northwest of the flight area)in 2020 and 2021,there was little difference in the diversity characteristics of various sample areas in the same year,but the difference between years was large.The number of families and individuals of overground insect in 2020 and 2021 were the largest in June,the peaks of the Shannon-Wiener diversity index appeared in June and July respectively,the peaks of the Pielou index appeared in September and July respectively,the peaks of Margalef index appeared in August and July respectively,the peaks of the Simpson index appeared in July and May respectively.3.The number of individuals of litter-layer insect in 2020 and 2021 was the largest in sample 2(northeast of flight area)and sample 5(northwest of flight area),respectively,the number of families was highest in sample 1(north of flight area)and sample 5(northwest of flight area),in the same year,the diversity characteristics of various sample areas changed within a small range,and the differences between years were also small.In 2020 and 2021,the number of individuals of litter-layer insect was the largest in June,the peaks of the Shannon-Wiener diversity index appeared in Septembe and October respectively,the peaks of the Pielou index appeared in Septembe and October respectively,the peaks of Margalef index all appeared in August,the peaks of the Simpson index appeared in June and May respectively.4.Analysis of the food composition of birds at Baita International Airport showed that 18 species of birds had insects in their stomach contents,and the insects they mainly fed were Coleoptera,Hymenoptera(ants)and Orthoptera.Molecular identification of insect remains in the stomach contents of 6 bird-strike-risk species showed that,Corvus dauuricus preyed on Amphimallon solstitiale and Harpalus;Falco amurensis preyed on Pantala flavescens,Therion circumflexum,Oedaleus infernalis,Harpalus and Poecilus;Pica pica preyed on Harpalus,Aeropedellus and Dorysthenes;Corvus corone preyed on Mythimna,Amphimallon solstitiale and Harpalus;Hirundo rustica preyed on Tetramorium caespitum and Lasius niger;Falco tinnunculus preyed on Oedaleus infernalis,Pentodon quadridens and Pantala flavescens.5.The correlation analysis between airport birds and insects showed that the species and numbers of insects and birds were synchronized among the sample areas.The increase in the number of birds lagged behind the increase in the number of insects by a month.There was a significant positive correlation between the number of birds and overground insect,a very significant positive correlation with Coleoptera,and a significant positive correlation with Hemiptera.