Research On Science Demarcation Based On The View Of Practice-Governed

The view of practice-governed,which emerged after the practical transition of philosophy of science in the 1990s,was based on the ontology of practice,and unified the opposing theory and practice of traditional philosophy of science with the concept of scientific practice.In the view of practice-governed,the concept of scientific practice can be defined as the circumspective activities of scientists in local contexts.The types of scientific practice can be divided into experimental practice,discourse practice,laboratory practice and industrial practice.From the perspective of practice-governed,traditional science demarcation theories show the characteristics of theory-governed;the one dimentional demarcation theory ignores the practical sources of the theory and the various constituent elements in scientific practice;the multi-dimentional demarcation theory pays attention to the complexity of science and science demarcation,the demarcation standard has changed from from one dimentional to multi-dimentional standard.Although the dichotomy between theory and practice is still expressed in the theory of plural demarcation,it already contains a wealth of scientific practical factors.The scientific demarcation view under the view of practice-governed needs to answer three basic questions:the object,subject and standard of scientific demarcation.The "Practice Field" as the object of scientific demarcation is specific,and the elements contained in it must be included in the process of scientific demarcation for investigation.As the subject of scientific demarcation,the"community of scientific practice"lies between the scientific community and the public,individuals involved in the "Practice Field" are eligible to be the subject of demarcation.The local context,multiple constituent elements,and circumspective action of the concept of scientific practice in the concept of practice-governed provide a theoretical for "Standard of Repeatability of Practice","Standard of Practical Norm of the Community of Practice" and "Standard of Effectiveness of Practice Activities"in the scientific demarcation standards.In addition to the theoretical research on the view of practice-governed and the view of practice-governed scientific demarcation,this article also applies the latter to the more practical TCM acupuncture and the more theoretical theory:General Relativity,and demonstrates the significance and value of this view of scientific demarcation through the operation of scientific practice standards.In the analysis of the former case,the TCM acupuncture practice activities planned by TCM theory conform to the scientific practice standards.Therefore,in the scientific demarcation view of practice priority,TCM acupuncture is scientific.In the latter case,because the object of scientific demarcation standards is the Practice Field rather than the abstract scientific theory like General Relativity.Therefore,we need to deal with the theory at two levels:first,it is necessary to determine that the theory has a scientific source of practice.Secondly,using scientific practice standards to analyze and judge the practical activities planned by the theory.As far as General Relativity is concerned,the experiment undertook by Michelson-Morley and total solar eclipse practice activities undertook by Eddington are correspond to the above-mentioned practical treatments respectively.After the analysis of scientific practice standards,the general theory of relativity and its planned practical activities are also scientific.