An Analysis Of Latour's Philosophy Of Science

With the continuous development of science and technology,scientific realism,which represents the traditional view of science,and social constructivism,which represents the sociology of scientific knowledge,have been unable to explain the current phenomenon of science and technology.In the process of following the research program of Sociology of scientific knowledge,Latour thinks that scientific realism and social constructivism oppose nature and society,and both of them are one-dimensional sciences.In the process of deconstructing the pre-set thinking mode of subject object binary opposition,Latour's research method changed to pay more attention to the emerging science,the research principle changed to the generalized symmetry principle,and put forward his own constructivism of scientific practice.Constructivism of scientific practice reflects the role of society(subject)and nature(object)in scientific theory.Human and non-human factors have a symmetrical role in the generation of scientific facts in ontology,which shows that the ultimate reason of scientific knowledge is neither natural reality nor social reality,but the result of practical construction of each actor.Scientists,as fact constructors,absorb allies of society and nature through the process of translation,constantly expand their alliances,spread statements about objects,and form the most powerful alliance in a relative sense.The scientific theory constructed in the process of practice contains both social factors and natural factors,which refers to nature and breaks the traditional philosophy A metaphysical framework based on the dichotomy of subject and object.Constructivism of scientific practice regards science as the product of practical activities,leaving us a lot of achievements worthy of in-depth study: its thinking framework against binary opposition mode,the perspective of micro research on scientific activities and anthropological research methods not only contain the influence of non-human factors on science and technology upheld by scientific realism,but also take into account the human factors emphasized by social constructivism The construction theory of scientific practice highlights the environmental characteristics of science and avoids the reductionism tendency of causal scientific knowledge.