Research On 2-D Retrodirective Array Antennas In Wireless Communication Systems

With the continuous progress of society and the gradual improvement of the level of science and technology,people's life scenarios are gradually diversified and their demands on society and life are increasing.There is an urgent need for new type of antenna with features such as low cost,low power consumption,high gain,anti-interference and automatic beam tracking.One of the ways to achieve this important goal is the retrodirective array antenna,which can realize automatic tracking without any position information about the incident pilot signal.Therefore,the economic benefits and application prospects of the retrodirective array antenna in the field of satellite communication are very considerable.In this paper,the research on the retrodirective antenna that can be used in the communication system is carried out.The retrodirective performance of two-dimensional Van Atta antenna arrays with different arrangements under passive and active conditions are discussed.And a retrodirective array antenna that can be used in communication systems is designed.The main work content is as follows:First of all,this paper introduces the development history of the retrodirective array antenna and the development status at home and abroad in detail,and conducts a careful study of its basic concepts.At the same time,the paper also summarizes several common ways to achieve retrodirective and their advantages and disadvantages.In order to be used in more complex communication systems,this paper studies in detail two heterodyne mixing techniques include radio frequency mixing and intermediate frequency mixing.A theoretical analysis of the array beam pointing error,which measures the retrodirective performance is carried out.The beam pointing error when the antenna array is arranged in a two-dimensional array is studied,which provides a theoretical basis for the array design.Secondly,because the antenna arrays of different arrangements have a certain impact on the directional traceability performance of retrodirective array antenna,three different Van Atta antenna array arrangements were designed,processed and tested based on the microstrip patch antenna elements.The three array arrangements are a one-dimensional 8-element linear array,a two-dimensional 4×4 square array,and a two-dimensional cross-arranged 16-element array.The directional traceability performance of three antenna arrays is simulated and analyzed,and the active amplifier circuit that can be loaded on the antenna array is designed at the same time.The retrospective performance of passive and active Van Atta retrodirective arrays under the three array types are tested and the results are analyzed.With the widespread application of retrodirective array antennas in communication systems,a dual-frequency retrodirective system is designed with the features of low cost,low power consumption,and high gain.The overall design scheme and expected performance of the system are introduced in detail.First,two different types of receiving and transmitting antenna arrays working in the X band are designed,and the retrospective performance of the arrays is simulated and analyzed.Then combined with the relevant theories of intermediate frequency mixing technology,the phase conjugate circuit that can be used in the communication system is designed and processed.And the circuit is debugged and tested as a whole.Finally,the circuit is connected with the antenna array to form a system,and the single-station radar cross section tests of the retrodirective system which use the two array forms respectively is performed.The test results of the two cases are also analyzed and the problems encountered are systematically analyzed to draw conclusions simultaneously.