Design Of Small Radar Signal Processing

The main task of the small radar signal processor is to complete the signal acquisition,storage,and processing of radar echo data.The data processing mainly includes moving target detection and track correlation algorithms.The small radar signal processor is an important part of the individual soldier radar.The individual radar is designed to be light in weight,long standby time,quickly identify moving targets and obtain their movement trajectories.Therefore,the signal processor is required to have a high degree of integration,low power consumption,light weight,with moving target detection and track correlation functions.According to the technical indicators proposed by the small radar system,the parameters of the digital processing component of the small radar signal processor can be calculated.Based on these parameters,a small radar signal processor system based on the FPGA and DSP architecture is designed,which is realized with FPGA with an embedded processor as the core,and a variety of chips such as DAC and ADC are connected to realize the functions of signal generation,echo acquisition,data preprocessing and storage,etc.,and achieve moving target detection algorithm and trace association on the DSP.At the same time,the signal processor of this small radar integrates these functions into a 144 mm × 99.5mm board,realizing the highly integrated design of the radar processor.This article designs according to the system indicators,and combines the theoretical knowledge involved in this design,including digital-to-analog conversion theory,analog-todigital conversion theory,constant false alarm processing principle and track correlation algorithm.The system indicators are specifically based on individual radar system technology.Secondly,for the circuit design of this article,the chip model is selected according to the parameter requirements of the processor.At the same time,the schematic diagram is divided into six modules: DAC module design,acquisition module and clock module according to function,and each functional module is designed based on Cadence16.6.Then based on the signal integrity,the PCB layering,component layout,and wiring are carried out in sequence with Allegro.After the PCB design is completed,voltage detection is performed on the hardware circuit to ensure whether the hardware platform is well.According to the overall design of the software,the logic code corresponding to each divided module is designed separately based on Vivado,and the functional test is performed using test methods such as ILA and oscilloscope.Then realize the moving target detection and track correlation algorithm based on DSP: The moving target detection mainly uses the mean-based CFAR algorithm to select the two-dimensional CFAR window to detect the moving target;this paper combines the 3/4 logic sliding window method and the weighting method to start the track,And then carry out track association based on the improved nearest neighbor algorithm,and delete the redundant track in the generated moving target track by using the method that the speed cannot change suddenly.Finally,set up a test environment to test the entire system.The effective sampling bit of the system is 11.57 bit.The test shows that the radar processor can output stable single-frequency and sweep-frequency signals to the antenna module.The results of moving target detection and track correlation show that the radar system can detect vehicles and other targets,and can correlate the target's trajectory.In the end,the small radar signal processor designed in this paper has achieved a high integration design,and all test indicators have reached the system indicator requirements.