Research On 5G Base Station Antenna Based On Magnetoelectric Dipole

The development of 5G communication technology has brought hope to satisfy people's desire for a better scientific and technological life.The concept of the Internet of Everything has become a reality,and industries such as driverless driving and VR have ushered in new opportunities.However,with the increase of frequency band,the problems of antenna radiation attenuation increase and coverage area reduction cannot be ignored.Therefore,high gain performance is a particularly prominent consideration in the current development of 5G base station antennas;magnetoelectric dipole antennas Using complementary design concepts,high gain and large bandwidth performance can be achieved.The previous models of magnetoelectric dipole antennas cover less than 3-5 GHz,and the models are more complex,and there are fewer and fewer arrays.Therefore,this paper designs the single-polarized antenna unit and dual-polarized antenna unit applied to cover 5G base stations,and designs the arrays for them.At the same time,a dual-polarized antenna unit that simultaneously covers 3G/4G/5G broadband is optimized.The main work of the thesis is as follows:1 In the first part of this article,a single-polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna is designed.It adopts the idea of changing the current path to bend the vertical metal part of the magnetic dipole shorted to the metal base plate.Its size is 0.38? × 0.5? × 0.19?(The center frequency is 4GHz),and the height is reduced by 0.06 ? compared with the traditional magnetoelectric dipole antenna.Its relative bandwidth is 55%(2.9-5.1GHz),its peak gain has reached 10 dBi,and the gain flatness in its required frequency band changes little,and the average gain is greater than 8.4dBi.Afterwards,the array design was carried out,and a 2x2 planar array design was realized.The antenna unit is placed in a cross orthogonal position to design a ±45° dual-polarized array radiation effect.The array design structure is simple and conforms to the design concept of the micro base station.Its peak gain reach 14.5dBi,and it is in demand.The average gain in the bandwidth is greater than 13 dBi.2 In the second part of this article,a dual-polarized magnetoelectric dipole antenna unit is designed.First,the edge of the electric dipole is bent to reduce the plane size,and the edge of the electric dipole is loaded with an L-shaped.The gap is used to expand the path of current flow,broaden the impedance bandwidth,and load rectangular metal blocks in the gap between the radiating elements to enhance the effect of impedance matching.It satisfies the coverage of 3-5GHz,and the VSWR of the ports is lower than 1.5 in the working bandwidth,the isolation of the two ports exceeds 25 d B,and the average gain in the coverage bandwidth is basically about 10 dBi.And select the above-mentioned antenna unit to form an array to make it a 2x2 planar array,and the peak gain of the array reaches 17.2dBi.And use the microstrip power divider to feed it.The dual-polarized antenna unit was processed and tested.After comparing the results,the two results are in good agreement.3 This article also uses the dual-polarized magneto-electric dipole antenna design concept in the second part to optimize an antenna unit applied to 1.8-5GHz,and realizes a multi-mode broadband antenna that coexists in the 3G/4G/5G frequency band.The edge of the electric dipole is cut into rectangular and triangular structures to achieve the purpose of large bandwidth.It has been verified that the experimental results meet the frequency band coverage of 3G,4G and 5G,and meet the multi-mode requirements in the development of antennas today.The antenna unit has a simple and compact structure,the gain is greater than8 dBi within the required bandwidth,and the average gain exceeds 10 dBi.