Subjective Reflection On The Construction Of The Public Sphere In The Context Of New Media

The discussion of public sphere originated from Hannah Arendt's discussion on the meaning of human existence.Then Jurgen Habermas,a German scholar,investigated and analyzed the historical types of public sphere,and perfected and developed the theory of public sphere from the perspective of communication theory.From Arendt's unique political philosophy perspective to Habermas's communication theory perspective,and then to the current new media theory perspective,it reflects the historical process of the continuous transformation of the real public sphere.Compared with various types of public sphere in the past,the public sphere under the background of new media has obvious basic characteristics:the privacy of the subject participating in the public sphere;the diversity of the elements participating in the public sphere;the openness of the public sphere itself;the freedom of the subject's communication.These characteristics provide a basic premise for us to explore the subjectivity of the construction of public sphere under the background of new media.There are many problems of subjectivity in the construction of public sphere under the background of new media.The basic characteristics of the new media operation mechanism limit the universality of the discussion topics,and the topics are often selected.New media promotes the penetration of capital logic into public space to a certain extent,and the free and independent communication space is controlled by capital to a certain extent.The process of new media communication is often eroded by technical rationality and lacks effective guidance of value rationality.New media accelerates the spread of political lies of western parties,which seriously weakens the publicity of communication and dispels the truth.With the development of modern science and technology and mass culture,the media is influenced by commercialization,which makes entertainment and consumption conceal its independence and publicity.When analyzing the construction of public sphere under the background of new media,we must adhere to the Marxist position,viewpoint and method,take the realistic social and economic foundation as the premise,and specifically analyze the education level of the subjects,the differentiation degree of social strata,the popularization rate of new media technology,and so on.The restoration of subjectivity public sphere construction under the background of new media needs to be promoted from three main aspects:we must strengthen the rational judgment of the communication subject;optimize the public communication space under the background of new media through realistic ways;and eliminate the capital logic that permeates into the process of public sphere construction under the background of new media by making relevant rules.