Research On Infrared Small Target Detection Technology In Various Scenarios

In recent years,the infrared detection system with infrared imaging technology as the core has been continuously applied to the field of security and has received great attention from various countries with the improvement of infrared sensor technology.Infrared small target detection technology is the key technology of infrared detection system.Due to the characteristics of small infrared targets with low texture information,low signal-to-noise ratio,and the complexity and variability of the background surrounding infrared small targets,exploring new infrared small target detection technologies has always been a research hotspot in the field of image processing.In this paper,the infrared small targets in the sky scene,sea sky scene,mountain scene,and urban scene are used as research objects.The main research from the following aspects:According to the characteristics of infrared image,target characteristics,background characteristics and noise characteristics of the infrared images in different scenes are studied respectively.Due to the characteristics of noise interference and low contrast in infrared images,infrared image preprocessing is performed,including image filtering and image enhancement.Finally,experimental comparative analysis is performed.According to the characteristics of local brightness and gradient distribution,the infrared small target detection based on local intensity and gradient(LIG)properties is mainly studied.Aiming at the problem of the local brightness and local gradients have large gaps in magnitude and insufficient gradient constraints,the false alarm rate is too high.An improved LIG-based infrared small target detection algorithm is proposed,which mainly includes two improvements.First,the formula for calculating the local gradient is redefined so that the brightness and the gradient are on the same order of magnitude,and their contributions are similar.Second,when calculating the gradient distribution,the quantity and angle information of the gradient as constraint conditions are used,which further reduces the false alarm rate.Finally,experiments are performed in different scenes,and the results show that the method is robust.According to the local contrast characteristics of infrared small targets,the infrared small target detection based on Local Contrast Mechanism(LCM)is mainly studied.Aiming at the problems of weak background suppression ability,high false alarm rate and sensitivity to noise,a new Local Contrast Mechanism(n LCM)infrared small target detection algorithm is proposed.There are two main improvements in this method.First,image preprocessing is added to perform background suppression and bright target enhancement.At the same time,only one parameter needs to be changed to complete the enhancement of dark targets.Second,the local contrast formula is redefined.The local maximum brightness of the image is replaced by the mean and variance to reduce the interference of noise.Finally,experimental results show the superiority and robustness of the method.