Information Behavior Of The Public In Public Health Emergencies

At the beginning of 2020,new pneumonia swept the country.As a kind of emergency,the public health emergency is very sudden and destructive,such as the early "SARS","sanlu brand infant milk powder","Changchun Longevity vaccine" and so on,inevitably,there will be losses to society.Compared with other emergencies,in public health emergencies,due to the high uncertainty of viruses and infectious diseases,the high degree of harm and the lack of public professional medical knowledge,lead to the public will have a stronger demand for health news information,and thus a series of information behavior.The research on the characteristics and influencing factors of the public information behavior in the special period has certain guiding significance for the government and the media to carry on the news information dissemination and the public opinion guidance.This article is based on Wilson's information behavior theory,and combined with the specific situation of this new coronary pneumonia,the information behavior of the public in public health emergencies is divided into four parts: information demand,information retrieval,information evaluation and information utilization.Through the design of the questionnaire,taking all the netizens as the research object,the questionnaire website was used for online distribution,and 450 valid questionnaires were collected.Based on the survey results,the data were analyzed,on the one hand,the general characteristics of public information behavior in public health emergencies were summarized;on the other hand,personal characteristics,including gender,age and educational level,and the degree to which the environment influences public information behavior were also analyzed.The results show that in public health emergencies,the public has the following four information behavior characteristics: The information demand is huge and presents the multiplex tendency,the information source choice favors the official media,the subjective judgment ability still needs to strengthen as well as the positive use epidemic situation related information.In addition,personal characteristics and environmental factors will have different degrees of impact on public information demand,information retrieval,information evaluation and information use behavior.Therefore,based on the above research results,the author believes that it can be targeted from the public,the media and the government to improve and optimize the three aspects,in order to deal with public health emergencies in the future,the dissemination and acceptance of news information to provide appropriate guidelines.