Simulation Research On Emergency Evacuation In Museum Fire Scene

As a microcosm of history and the world,the museum records the past,inspires the future,and confirms the progress of human civilization.With the advancement of urbanization in recent years,museums are opening to the public to the greatest extent,and gradually taking on the role of social spaces and urban living rooms.The number of museums is gradually increasing,and the number of visitors is also increasing.At the same time,fire incidents also occurred frequently,which sounded the alarm for fire safety issues in museum venues.The building of the museum is complex,and the people in the museum are diverse.Once a fire occurs,it will cause serious consequences,causing greater economic losses,casualties,and even a certain impact on social stabilityIn this paper,a simulation study of safety evacuation under the fire scene of a museum is carried out.Taking the Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum as an example,the fire development process and the evacuation of people in the museum are simulated.Through the study of relevant theoretical literature,collect data on fire development and personnel characteristics,and analyze the influencing factors of museum fire development and personnel evacuation.Then,the initial state and development process of the fire are set,and the event tree model and risk assessment system are established to analyze the uncertain factors.In the end,two fire scenarios with high probability and serious consequences were selected.On the basis of detailed theoretical research,PyroSim is used to conduct fire simulation research on the Grand Canal Museum in different scenarios.Understand the smoke spread,CO concentration,temperature and visibility changes during the development of the fire,and determine the ASET.Then,combined with the fire simulation results,using Pathfinder software to simulate the evacuation of people in different scenarios,research the evacuation characteristics of the fire in the fire,and determine the necessary safe evacuation time.According to the safe evacuation determination method,the time length of ASET and RSET is compared to determine whether the personnel can safely complete the evacuationThrough the simulation study of fire evacuation of the Yangzhou China Grand Canal Museum,it is found that the development of smoke has a leading role in the spread of fire.The place with a lot of smoke has high temperature,low visibility and high CO concentration.In addition,the atrium and stairs are easy to form a chimney effect to speed up the spread of the fire.The smoke prevention and exhaust settings at the atrium and stairs should be strengthened;after a fire occurs,people mainly choose the nearest stairs for evacuation,which can easily cause congestion;some people will temporarily Changing the evacuation route will result in a waste of evacuation time.A reasonable evacuation channel should be designed,a complete emergency evacuation mechanism should be established,and evacuees should be properly guided to ensure the safety of evacuation.The article proposes feasible measures for the safety risk of museum building fire evacuation from the aspects of building design,personnel management,equipment management and emergency mechanism settings,and summarizes the application process of the museum fire evacuation plan simulation to improve the risk prevention of museum buildings Ability to provide a reference for the evacuation of museum fire personnel.