R&D Internationalization Drives Technical Standards Internationalization

With the advancement of intellectual property rights,the mobile communication companies rely on the number of patent which cannot be fully recognized by the market,industry and consumers.The necessary patent is applied in the standardization which is the symbol of the strength.In the process of internationalization of technical standards,it is difficult for enterprise to participate in the formulation of standards completely relying on own ability of research and development.It is a feasible strategic choice to improve independent innovation ability through research and development internationalization activities and further promote the process of internationalization of technical standards.However,this paper takes Huawei and ZTE as examples to analyze whether R&D internationalization can successfully promote the internationalization of technical standards.Firstly,this paper reviews the current research on internationalization of R&D and internationalization of technical standards.Furthermore,this paper focuses on the analysis of R&D internationalization directly or indirectly driving the internationalization of technical standards.Firstly,As far as the direct driving force of R&D internationalization is concerned,Huawei and ZTE focus on digital information transmission technology and wireless communication network technology in technology transfer,technology licensing and cooperative R&D,but Huawei's technology standard internationalization is more affected by it.From the point of view of the continuity of technical standards in different periods,the direct driving effect of the previous generation of technical standards on the next generation of technical standards is more significant than the driving effect of the next generation.From the perspective of technology field,Huawei focuses on the development of digital information transmission technology and wireless communication network technologies,while ZTE focuses on the development of transmission technologies.As far as the indirect driving force of R&D internationalization is concerned,the driving forces of technology licensing,technology transfer and cooperative R&D are different.Firstly,from the perspective of R&D internationalization,Huawei indirectly drives the application of technical standards in the same year by adopting the licensing method.There is a time lag in both license and licensee of ZTE.Secondly,Huawei's transferee has a three-year time lag effect on the drive of technical standards,while ZTE's transferee drive technology standard application has a phased feature.Thirdly,Huawei and ZTE also have a time lag in the application of technology standards driven by transfer and cooperative R&D,but the time lag of transfer is longer than that of cooperative R&D,which indicates that the indirect drive of cooperative R&D is faster than that of transfer in the short term.Fourthly,the ranking of technology similarity of R&D internationalization and technology standard internationalization in Huawei is the license,transfer,cooperative R&D,transferee,licensee.In the ZTE,the ranking is licensee,license,transferee,transfer,cooperative R&D.Thus,the result indicates that technology standard internationalization in Huawei is mainly independent supply,while ZTE is mostly exogenous.