A Comparative Study Of Four Editions Of High School "Geography 2" Textbook Based On ISM Method

Interpretive Structural Modeling Method(ISM method)is of unique value for textbook analysis.ISM method is based on directed graph,matrix related knowledge and computer technology.It can rearrange the elements of the textbook system and present the internal elements in the form of hierarchical arrangement,which greatly improves the scientific nature of textbook analysis.Based on the literature research method,comparative research method and ISM method,this paper makes a comparative analysis of four editions of Geography 2(2019)textbooks in senior high school,which are People Education Edition,Shandong Education Edition,Hunan Education Edition and Chinese Map Edition.First of all,combined with the literature and theoretical basis,the general process of analyzing textbooks based on ISM method is set up.Next,by extracting knowledge factors,established relationship,making hierarchy digraph,discussion and revision four steps for the degree of correlation between factors of discrimination,build geographical knowledge elements hierarchy digraph of "Population" "Town and Country" "Industrial Location Choice" "Environment and Development" four themes in Geography 2(2019)to present structured and ordered of textbook knowledge elements;Thirdly,based on the system theory,Bruner's cognitive structure learning theory and Gagne's learning condition theory,this paper analyzes and compares the arrangement ideas of four editions of Geography 2(2019),and clarifies the characteristics of them.Finally,the enlightenment is obtained according to the comparison results.It is found that each edition of Geography 2(2019)has different performance in the elements,elements formation and formation paths,and the new editions of Geography 2(2019)show the characteristics of diversified elements,multiple levels and flexible paths.The People Education Edition has the largest total of core elements in the theme of "Town and Country",and attaches importance to the construction of low-level knowledge elements.Although the number of core elements in the four themes of Shandong Education Edition is not much,its nodal elements have strong exploratory nature.The Hunan Education Edition has the largest total of core elements in the themes of "Population" and "Industrial Location Choice",and classifies knowledge elements more carefully.In the theme of "Environment and Eevelopment",the Chinese Map Edition has the largest total of core elements,which integrates the application of geographic information technology with the development and protection of land.The study verifies that ISM method is an effective means of in-depth analysis of high school geography textbooks,and the use of ISM method based on Gagne's learning condition theory can improve the scientific nature of textbook analysis.On the basis of this,we can find the new value provided by ISM method for textbook research.When arranging textbooks,the ISM method is used to assist them to coordinate the logic of subject development and the logic of students' psychological development,which can provide teachers with teaching direction.