Study On The Influencing Factors Of School Location Of Rural Junior Middle School Students

The Fifth Plenary Session of the 19th CPC Central Committee proposed to build a high-quality education system.The Government Work Report of 2021 further stated that "we should develop fairer and higher quality education",strive to improve the quality and expand the capacity of education development,and make greater strides in promoting education equity.However,the gap between urban and rural areas in the allocation of education resources is still large.In further speed up the process of modernization,cultural idea,the disposable income of rural households in China are also gradually increase,then the demand for high quality education and investment degrees are also increasing,rural school education resources at the present stage of growth has far cannot satisfy the rural household demand for high quality education resources.Nearly half of the rural junior middle school students in the sample study in the county middle school,resulting in excessive pressure on urban education and waste of resources for township education.In this paper,based on the analysis of the related literature at home and abroad about the rural middle school level,on the basis of based on capital theory,human capital theory and home location theory and other related theory to build the theoretical framework of rural middle school geographical factors,attempts to systematically analyze the influence factors of rural middle school location.In the process of empirical analysis,this study made use of the 2014-2015 academic year CEPS data designed and implemented by the China Survey and Data Center of Renmin University of China.Based on the description of the current situation of the school location of rural junior high school students,this study analyzed the factors affecting the school location of rural junior high school students from the perspective of family social capital and economic capital.On the basis of single factor analysis to the rural middle school location for the villages and towns in rural areas,edge city and urban-rural fringe(abbreviated to edge city)and central city as the dependent variable,school characteristics,the countryside junior middle school students' individual characteristics and rural family cultural atmosphere as control variables,Multinomial-Logistic regression model for household economic capital and social capital is established.In this study,STATA15.1 software was used for statistical analysis and collation of the data and the results are as follows: School ranking,class size,single child or not,students' personal cognitive ability,class ranking,ethnicity and family book collection all have a significant impact on the location comparison of various schools,and personal factors of the gender variable in the comparison of all kinds of school level are not significant statistically significant.The cultural factor of parents' habit of reading and reading newspapers after work only has a certain significance in the comparison of the location of the schools attended by the schools in the towns and villages and the schools in the central urban areas.The family economic capital has a significant influence on the comparison between the rural school and the marginal urban school and on the comparison between the rural school and the central urban school.The more affluent the family is,the more likely their children are to attend schools in the central city,followed by schools in the peripheral city,and finally schools in the rural areas.Family social capital has a significant impact on the pair-to-pair comparison of the location of the three types of schools.If parents are all party members,the higher the parents' social status,the higher the father's level of education,the higher parents' educational expectations for their children,the more frequently parents attend cultural activities with their children,the more frequently the parents weekly check their children's homework,the greater the chance of their children study in downtown school,followed by the edge of the city schools,the last is the villages and towns in rural schools.The more often parents contacted teachers and helped their children with homework each week,the more likely their children were to attend schools in marginal urban areas,the second is the township rural schools,and the last is the central urban schools.The more educated the mother is and the more parents know the friends with whom the child hangs out,the more likely the child is to attend a school in a township or rural area.Then,the results obtained by the model are evaluated.From the significance test results of the model coefficient,the gender of the students has no significant effect on the school location.The results of the non-difference test between the groups are reasonable.From the fitting of the model,the final model is the overall fitting effect of model 3.Then,in order to further analyze the joint effect mechanism of family social capital and economic capital on the school location of rural junior middle school students,and clarify whether the two belongs to the substitution or complementary relationship,this paper tries to introduce the cross-term model to verify.The coefficient symbol of the cross term shows that the family social capital and economic capital have a substitute relationship in the comparison between the township rural schools and the marginal urban schools,while the family social capital and economic capital have a complementary relationship in the comparison between the township rural schools and the central urban schools.Finally,this paper analyzes the effect mechanism of family social capital and economic capital on the location of rural junior middle school students from the perspectives of resource exclusion mechanism and intergenerational transmission mechanism.The motivation of rural junior high school students to study school location is analyzed from the allocation of quality education resources in urban and rural areas,the adjustment of urban and rural school layout,the location demand of rural junior high school students and the assistance of family social capital and economic capital,etc.On this basis,the paper puts forward several countermeasures and suggestions for the location of rural junior high school students:(1)Adhere to the principle of equality and expand educational opportunities for disadvantaged families.(2)Accurately compensating rural families' economic and social capital to promote equity in education.(3)Optimize the allocation of education resources and reduce the inter-school differences in urban and rural areas.(4)Reasonable distribution of urban and rural schools to meet the educational needs of different rural families.(5)Make full use of the economic and social capital of students' families and revitalize rural education through home-school interaction.