Research On Cultivation Of Computational Thinking Of Junior Primary School Students Based On Unplugged Activities

Under the background of the changing times,the demand for talents with computational thinking is even stronger.Computational thinking is essentially a way of thinking activities,the process of systematically using scientific tools to perform simulations to find the best solutions to problems.When computational thinking is considered to be an ability that all students should have,information education in different countries and regions has begun to tend to be younger.As a kind of analytical thinking ability,the cultivation of computational thinking is not limited to higher education,it has become the core idea throughout all stages.Programming is generally regarded as the main way of cultivating computational thinking in a narrow sense.Because the lower grade students will have a certain degree of difficulty in the process of cognitive acceptance and practical operation of programming.Therefore,exploring the characteristics of cognitive construction suitable for the cultivation of computational thinking in young children requires the support of richer teaching forms.Unplugged activities are considered to be a suitable way to integrate computer science principles into activities and games to teach students scientific principles while stimulating students’ strong interest in computer science.Therefore,starting from the children’s interest,it is very necessary to explore the connection points between students’living environment and cognition,so that students can inspire and reason in unplugged activities,and form ideas on how to solve problems.Based on this,this research starts with the cultivation of computational thinking of students in the lower grades of primary school,designs unplugged activities and teaching models,and verifies the impact of unplugged activities on students’ computational thinking ability and related learning motivation through empirical methods.This study takes the third-grade unplugged activity courses "Dice Game" and"Who is Really Wangwang" in a third-grade elementary school in Wuhan as examples.Questionnaire surveys and content analysis methods are used to analyze the self-efficacy of unplugged activities of students in computational thinking.,Learning motivation and computational thinking ability.First,the five elements of computational thinking in this study are determined as:abstraction,decomposition,generalization,evaluation,and algorithmic thinking.Combining the characteristics of project-based learning,sort out the commonalities and complementarities between project-based learning and unplugged activities,and build a teaching model based on unplugged activities that promotes the cultivation of computational thinking in lower grades of primary school students;secondly,design and implement computational thinking oriented Training unplugged activities,and design learning records to assist teaching.During the implementation of the course,questionnaires are used to measure students’ self-efficacy and learning motivation of computational thinking,and Bebras tasks and CTt are used to measure students’ computational thinking abilities.Finally,students’ computational thinking self before and after unplugged activities are explored based on the results of the pre-test and post-test Changes in effectiveness and learning motivation and changes in students’ computational thinking abilities,and based on the analysis of the reasons for differences,draw conclusions,and at the same time put forward suggestions and countermeasures to improve the implementation of unplugged activity design for computational thinking.Draw the following conclusions:(1)The self-efficacy of computational thinking of students before and after unplugged activities has been significantly improved.(2)Unplugged activities can stimulate students’ learning motivation for unplugged activities,and the degree of connection between the situation and the students’cognitive experience is very important.(3)Through the design and implementation of unplugged activities,students’computational thinking ability has been improved.To gain more computational thinking skills and strategies in targeted unplugged activities,students have more confidence in the study of computational thinking.Based on the research conclusions,this research puts forward the following suggestions for the design and implementation of unplugged activities for the cultivation of computational thinking:(1)Teachers should have a correct understanding of computational thinking and develop computational thinking in an appropriate and appropriate manner.(2)Teachers should have the ability to face all subjects and reconstruct subjects on the basis of situation and cognition.(3)While developing students’ computational thinking,they should also pay attention to their sense of efficacy.