| Plane analytic geometry can well reflect students’ mathematical literacy and ability,and its importance in middle school mathematics teaching and college entrance examination is self-evident.The research on the change of the structure and content of plane analytic geometry can help teachers to carry out teaching better and students to learn better.In this paper,1978-2020 national paper(Science)college entrance examination mathematical plane analytic geometry questions as the main research object,study the following three problems:1.How does the examination structure of plane analytic geometry develop in college entrance examination?2.How is the content of plane analytic geometry developed in the college entrance examination?3.What is the Enlightenment of the development of the plane analytic geometry part of the college entrance examination questions to teachers’ teaching?Our main results are as follows:1.The structure of plane analytic geometry in college entrance examination tends to be stable gradually.3-5 questions,namely 2-4 objective questions(multiple choice questions and fill in the blanks)and one answer question,will be tested every year.The ratio of the number of questions to the total number of questions varies from 13.6%to 22.7%,and the proportion of the score to the total score fluctuates from 14.7%to 21.3%.2.The plane analytic geometry multiple choice questions pay more attention to the knowledge of conic curve equation,and the difficulty gradually increases.From 1978 to 1999,from 2000 to 2010,and from 2011 to 2020,the multiple-choice questions accounted for 40.8%,31.8%,and 68.7%,respectively.In addition,the difficulty of multiple-choice questions increased steadily in three factors:logical reasoning,mathematical operation and cognitive level.3.The problem of filling in the blanks of plane analytic geometry gradually pays attention to the examination of linear programming,and the difficulty of comprehensive application of knowledge is decreasing.From 2011 to 2020,linear programming in linear equations has become a hot topic in the blank filling questions,with 54.6%of the total number of tests.The difficulty of the comprehensive use of knowledge in the three periods shows a decreasing state.4.The plane analytic geometry problem pays attention to the examination of the conic curve comprehensive problem,and the difficulty changes little.Throughout the three periods,the plane analytic geometry problems all pay attention to the examination of conic curve comprehensive problems.From the difficulty point of view,the comprehensive difficulty of the problems in the four factors of logical reasoning,mathematical operation,comprehensive use of knowledge points and cognitive level shows a small increase trend.5.The comprehensive difficulty of plane analytic geometry in different periods increases gradually.The requirements of questions for students’ logical reasoning,mathematical operation,cognitive level and the ability to solve problems by comprehensive use of knowledge are constantly improving,but the situation setting of plane analytic geometry questions is relatively single.Through the research on the structure and content of plane analytic geometry in college entrance examination,combined with the current situation of middle school mathematics teaching,we suggest that teachers pay attention to the basic knowledge of plane analytic geometry;Pay attention to the synthesis of plane analytic geometry and other knowledge;Pay attention to the cultivation of students’ mathematical operation ability. |
