Research On The Impact Of Housing Price Changes On The Employment Structure Of Labor Forc

In recent years,China has experienced a rapid economic development.Besides the rapid economic growth,China's real estate industry is also developing rapidly,and house prices are rising steadily.The words "escape from Beijing,Shanghai and Guangzhou" are also familiar to people in this context.But what kind of labor force has escaped,and what are the changes in the employment structure of the labor force brought about by the escape,especially the employment structure of the skilled labor force.Clarifying the impact of house prices on the employment structure of skilled labor force has an important significance for better analyzing the house price situation,employment situation,and formulating corresponding economic measures.Based on this,this paper uses panel data of 271 cities from 2005 to 2013 to explore the impact of house price changes on the employment structure of skilled labor.This paper defines high-skilled labor and ordinary labor from the perspective of education,and defines the ratio of high-skilled labor to ordinary labor as the employment structure of skilled labor.As it is difficult to obtain accurate data on the labor force education distribution of each city,this paper uses an indirect method to estimate the data of skilled labor force in different cities.In the basic regression,in addition to considering the impact of housing prices on the employment structure,factors such as urban population size,economic output capacity,infrastructure construction level,cultural level,foreign trade,and industrial structure that may affect the employment structure are included in the control variables.Given that there may be a causal relationship between changes in employment structure and changes in house price,and the problem of missing variables,the urban land transfer area is introduced as an instrumental variable to solve the endogenous problem.Due to the large regional differences in China's economic development,this paper also considers such regional differences in the study of employment structure.By dividing the sample cities,a sample of 101 cities in the eastern group and 170 cities in the non-eastern group is obtained.Group regression is used to test whether there is a difference in the effect of house prices on the employment structure of skilled labor,and the Fisher combination test was used to verify whether the difference is significant.This paper further studies the mediating effect of the wage path,explores whether house price will affect wages and thus the skills structure of labor employment,and uses stepwise testing of regression coefficients to determine whether there is a mechanism for wages as an intermediary variable.Since the employment structure of the skilled labor force is calculated in this paper,in order to further verify the robustness of the empirical results,the recalculation of the employment structure index of the new skilled labor force into the regression equation is used to test whether the previous research conclusions are robust.The research in this paper mainly draws the following conclusions:(1)The rise in house price has significantly improved the employment structure of skilled labor,increased the proportion of high-skilled labor relative to ordinary labor,and promoted the promotion of human capital.(2)There is a significant regional difference in the impact of housing prices on the employment structure of skilled labor,and the employment structure in the eastern developed regions is more affected by changes in house price.(3)The coefficient of house price slightly decreases after adding the median variable wages,which shows that the effect of house price on the employment structure of skilled labor is affected by wages.At the same time,the impact of house price on wages is positive.In general,there is a mechanism that using wages as mediating variables.House price can change the employment structure of skilled labor by increasing wages.The above conclusions are still consistent after the robustness test.On the whole,the rise in house price will help improve the employment structure of skilled labor,and the rise in house price in the eastern region will increase the employment structure more clearly.There is a certain degree of high-skilled labor.This explains to some extent the phenomenon of the influx of high-skilled labor into the eastern developed regions and the shift of some low value-added industries to the central and western regions,and it has provided meaningful guidance for cities to regulate house price,attract talents and guide employment.