Research On Marx's Early Conception Of Justice

Human’s thought and pursuit of justice has never ceased in all ages.Justice is closely connected with the development of human beings.With the continuous development of China’s socialist market economy and reform and opening,justice issues caused by the polarization between the rich and the poor and unfair distribution of income has also attracted increasing attention.Solving the problem of justice of contemporary China need the guide of Marx’s justice theory.If want to understand Marx’s justice theory precisely,we need to interpret Marx’s early justice view.However,at present,academia most concerned about Marx’s justice theory after the formation of Marx ’ s historical materialism,to some extent,ignoring the study of Marx ’ s early justice view.Therefore,research the formation and development of Marx’s early justice view has great theoretical and practical significance.The origins of Marx’s early justice view are multiple,conclude classical justice view focused on the building of community,liberalism justice view focused on the protection of individual rights,the effect of historical background and revolutionary activities that Marx live in.Marx ’ s early view of justice focuses on the text of the period from 《Doctoral thesis》 to 《Economic and Philosophical Manuscripts of 1844》.Through studying the texts of this period,we can find that with the continuous deepening of Marx’s social practice and theoretical research,Marx’s philosophical position has undergone a transformation from idealism to Feuerbach’s humanistic materialism,and his political stand has undergone a transformation from revolutionary democratism to philosophical communism.Following this,Marx’s view of justice has also undergone a transformation from liberalism and rationalism to Feuerbach’s humanistic view of justice.Specifically,during the period of "Doctoral Dissertation",Marx used Powell’s selfconsciousness as his philosophical base,and the equality and freedom promoted by liberals as his pursuit of justice.By comparing and analyzing the atomic theory of Epicurus and Democritus,Marx expressed the pursuit of achievable freedom and equality.During the "Rheiner Zeitung" period,Marx used Hegel’s rationalism as a philosophical base,guided by the spirit of the Enlightenment in the eighteenth century,and wrote a series of political essays to express his views on press freedom,rational state and rational law.In the "Kreuznach" period,encountered the problem of material interests,Marx began to reflect a rational concept of justice,mainly for the critique of Hegel’s philosophy of law.The critical theoretical weapon is Feuerbach’s humanistic materialism,which was consciously confirmed in the writing of "Kroznach’s Notes".The theoretical results of Marx’s reflection on rational justice are mainly manifested in three points: The first is to clarify the logical relationship between civil society and the political state,the second is to expose the essence of Hegel’s speculative idealism of the state,and the third is to analyze the content of royal power,executive power and legislative power.During the period of "German-French Yearbook" and "Paris Manuscript",Marx launched a fierce criticism of liberal justice.The main theoretical results is a distinction between political emancipation and human liberation,identified the "heart" and "mind" of human liberation,criticized the injustice of the alienation of labor,to build a justice of the communist philosophy.Marx’s early view of justice is critical,constructive and humanistic and has great theoretical value.Marx’s early conception of justice basically established a justice position for the welfare of the proletariat and the working masses;initially expressed the pursuit of justice for human freedom and all-round development;and initially pointed out the path of justice based on practice.Throughout Marx’s early view of justice,it not only had an important influence on Marx’s later view of justice,but also occupies an important position in Marx’s view of justice and Marxist theory.