Research On Marx's View Of Justice

Justice has always been the value goal pursued by human civilized society.In the long river of the humans’ development,people have been constantly exploring justice and forming rich theories of justice.Now,justice has become a topic which has been studied by scholars in many fields,such as philosophy,ethics and politics.However,because of the different backgrounds and values of the researchers,their views on what is right are often quite different.From ancient Greece to modern times,the western justice thought had roughly experienced three stages of development,namely,classical natural justice of ancient Greece and Rome,theological justice of medieval Europe,and modern liberalism justice since the enlightenment movement.They ascribe the foundation of justice to nature,divinity and humanity,so as to determine the basis of justice.Since the enlightenment,social contract theory has been in the dominant position in western political philosophy for a long time.After nineteenth Century,utilitarianism gradually replaced the theory of social contract and occupied a dominant position over the next 100 years.In 1971,Rawls’ s "theory of justice" was published,marking the restoration of the status of the theory of contract in contemporary political philosophy.It also stimulated the scholars to discuss the problem of justice in depth from different fields.Rawls became the core of discussion on justice,and almost all researchers inevitably discussed it in his coordinates.Western scholars’ concern about justice has also profoundly influenced the academic circles in China.China is a socialist country guided by the theory of Marx doctrine.Facing the dominant position of modern western liberalism in the right to justice,Chinese scholars have also begun to think about the relationship between Marx and justice.How does Marx treat justice? Did Marx have his own view of justice? If so,what is Marx’s view of justice? What is the difference between it and the liberalist justice view that reflects bourgeois interests? These are all questions that the academic circle needs to think about.However,when scholars try to explore these questions from the classic works of Marx’s doctrine,it is difficult to find that Marx has a special work on "justice".Marx and justice related treatises are scattered in his different works.Therefore,trying to excavate Marx’s thought of justice,or distinguish Marx’s attitude towards justice from these materials scattered in text,has become a research subject of many scholars including the western analysis of Marx.As the angle of analysis is different,each scholar has different or even opposite views on "how Marx looks at justice",and every scholar seems to be able to find the basis of Marx’s text to support his views.As the angle of analysis is different,each scholar has different or even opposite views on "how Marx looks at justice",and every scholar seems to be able to find the basis of Marx’s text to support his views.The thesis first uses the method of the unification of logic and history,the origin and internal logic of the development of western justice thought since ancient Greece,in order to explore the theoretical origin of Marx’s view of justice.It is believed that the classical concept of natural justice,modern liberalism justice,German classical philosophy of justice and just thought of utopian socialism are all justice theories existed before Marx,and their just thought has an important influence on the formation of Marx’s view of justice,thus forming a common view of Marx’s justice.The origin of the theory.Secondly,the paper uses the method of text analysis to analyze Marx’s main works,and expounds the formation and development track of Marx’s justice view.It is believed that Marx has experienced a process of pursuing justice,puzzling,reflecting and criticizing and ultimately exceeding the development of justice.On this basis,it has formed a distinctive Marx view of justice.The creation of Marx’s historical materialism changed the paradigm of Marx’s research on justice,and highlighted the criticism of the perpetual justice of the laudinism,the distributive justice of laapalre and the transcendental justice of Dulin’s doctrine.Thirdly,the thesis expounds the basic connotation and main characteristics of Marx’s justice view by dialectic method.From the historical materialism of Marx,it is believed that justice is a value concept based on the relationship of material interests.It is the product of the development of social production and a historical category;the origin of the evolution of justice lies in the change of the mode of production;it is the distribution of production decisions,not the distribution of justice.At the same time,Marx also believes that the "eternal justice" view of rational justice and the unjust nature of the capitalist system have been fully criticized,but he does not oppose the general demands of justice and does not reject the ideal of human justice.The main purpose of his view of justice is to achieve the free and comprehensive development of everyone by transcending the class limitations of the capitalist system and the one-sided nature of formal justice.Thus,the realization of human liberation is the value of Marx’s view of justice.These contents constitute the basic connotation of Marx’s view of justice,and thus show the distinctive features of the unity of critical and constructive,historic and moral,realistic and idealistic in Marx’s view of justice.The thesis also analyzes the similarities and differences between Rawls,Hayek and Marx,and analyzes Marx’s different views on Marx’s view of justice,and expounds the main contemporary responses of Marx view of justice.It is believed that whether Rawls’ s equal liberalism or Hayek’s extreme liberalism has not shaken the foundation of private ownership,it is impossible to effectively respond to Marx’s criticism of liberalism.For the analytical Marxists,whether the "opposition" represented by Wood or "the pro faction" represented by Hu Sami,they all deny the dialectics on the relationship between Marx and justice,and adhere to the two yuan opposition,so they are all one-sided.Finally,the thesis uses the method of combining theory with practice,and expounds the contemporary Chinese practice of Marx’s concept of justice.In order to realize the justice of socialism,we must adhere to the guidance of Marx’s view of justice and look at the problem of socialist justice from the perspective of the development of material production and the realization of the goal of the ultimate liberation of mankind.In view of the existing problems of social justice in our country at the present stage,this paper analyzes the causes of the social justice output,and discusses the realistic path of realizing social justice and justice in combination with the concept of shared development.It is believed that shared development is an effective way to promote social fairness and justice.