Analysis Of The Impact Of Urbanization Rate Differences On The Welfare Loss Of New Citizens And Suggestions For Countermeasures

Nobel laureate Joseph Stiglitz once predicted:"China’s urbanization and the US-led new technological revolution will be the two major events affecting humanity in the 21st century." The prophecy has been gradually realized.Since the reform and opening up,China’s rapid urbanization has deeply affected the world economy.Urbanization is a major historical task in the process of China’s modernization.Studying the rate of urbanization is of vital importance to grasp the development trend of China’s urbanization.However,there are differences in the urbanization rates based on different statistical calibers,that is,there is a difference between the urbanization rate of the resident population and the urbanization rate of the registered population,and the urbanization development of the registered population is lagging.This difference is called the "semi-urbanization rate".At the same time,new citizens,as a special group that has moved from rural to urban areas in the process of urbanization in China,have made significant contributions to urban development and modernization,but are at a disadvantage in terms of economic income and benefits.Therefore,the new type of urbanization with "people as the core" pays more attention to the civicization of the agricultural transfer population,enjoys equal welfare benefits with urban residents,and gradually integrates into cities and towns in economic,social,cultural,and psychological aspects to achieve a high level of urbanization and real Citizenization in the sense provides impetus for the sustainable development of our economy.In order to study the impact of the differences in urbanization rates on the welfare of new citizens,this article first analyzes the current status and causes of the differences in urbanization rates;second,from the perspective of welfare,uses related theories to analyze in depth the benefits enjoyed by new citizens.Then,based on Sen’s feasible capability theory,a mechanism analysis of the effect of the difference in urbanization rate on the welfare loss of new citizens was constructed.In terms of empirical analysis,the difference in urbanization rate from 1989 to 2018 was used as the starting point and the VAR model was used to analyze.The impact of differences in urbanization rates on the economic income gap between new citizens and urban workers.The results show that the difference in urbanization rate will cause welfare loss to new citizens and widen the income gap between new citizens and urban workers.Specifically,first,the analysis of the impulse function shows that the difference in urbanization rate has a significant impact on the income gap between new citizens and urban employees,and has a positive impact,which is persistent;second,the analysis of variance shows that urbanization The rate difference contributes 33.5%to the income gap between new citizens and urban employees.In view of the above research conclusions,this article proposes countermeasures to promote the welfare and income levels of new citizens from the perspective of reducing the difference in urbanization rates:to promote substantial reform of the household registration system and increase the scale of settlement of large,medium and small cities;to implement strict labor rights protection,New citizens integrate into the city to build a social safety net;establish an integrated urban and rural labor market,remove the barriers to entry for new citizens;increase skills and cultural quality training to enhance the competitiveness of new citizens;deepen the reform of the land system and improve the distribution system of land value-added benefits.On the basis of absorbing and drawing on the existing research results,the innovative work done in this paper includes:first,paying attention to the differences in urbanization rates,and combing the time series and analyzing the causes;second,using the VAR model An empirical analysis of the income gap between new citizens and urban employees,the results show that the difference in urbanization rate has a significant impact on the income gap between new citizens and urban employees;third,in the countermeasures proposal,"promote the substantial reform of the household registration system and increase The small and medium-sized cities’ settled scale ",a specific countermeasure and proposal,fundamentally bridges the differences in urbanization rates and achieves a more adequate urbanization of the agricultural migration population.