Research On Chinese Consonant Phonetic Acquisition And Teaching Plan Design For Japanese International Students

In Teaching Chinese As the Second Language,phonetics teaching,as one of the bases of language teaching,has always been the focus and difficulty of teaching.The Chinese syllable consists of three parts: initial,vowel and tone.The initials are also very important in syllables.If the pronunciation of the initial is not standard,it will inevitably affect that of the subsequent vowel and tone,resulting in "foreign accent and foreign tone".The Chinese initials are all made up of consonants except one zero initial,which shows the importance of consonants.Consonants are an important part of the Chinese phonetic system,which has become major difficulty for pronunciation learners.Diverse pronunciation way and different pronunciation parts make learning process harder.In recent years,there have been increasing studies on the acquisition of consonants by Japanese learners from a nationalized perspective,but most of them focus on stop and affricate,and the content is not comprehensive.Therefore,based on the comparison of Chinese and Japanese consonant systems and the analysis of Japanese foreign students’ Chinese consonant acquisition,this paper proposes relevant teaching schemes for Japanese learners’ Chinese consonant teaching.The specific contents of this paper are as follows.Chapter one is the introduction.It introduces the development and teaching research of the acquisition of Chinese phonetics by Japanese learners,as well as the theoretical basis in the field of second language acquisition.At the same time,it introduces the reasons for subject selection research problems and research significance of this article.Chapter two analyzes the consonant systems of China and Japan,and makes comparation between them.By calculating the similarity and referring to the difficulty level model,the difficulty level table of Japanese students’ acquisition of Chinese consonants is established.Chapter three is an introduction to the experiment,which is introduced from two angles: experimental methods and research objects.The experiment subjects were 10 Japanese students（5 males and 5 females）and another 10 native speakers（5 males and 5 females）as the control group.Combine it with the acoustic analysis.Chapter four is about the analysis of the Japanese studentslearning of Chinese consonants.At first,from the perspective of aims,it figured out Japanese students output words aims,double words and sentences,and by calculating the error rate and summarizing errors types,it found that the Japanese learners to distinguish aspirates and differentiate,rand l and the lingual sounds,the tip of the tongue before and after the tip of the tongue to distinguish the three produce errors more easily.Secondly,from the perspective of acoustic analysis,according to the pronunciation method,this paper analyzes the accuracy of Japanese learners’ acquisition of Chinese consonants,and explores the problem existed in learners’ pronunciation.It found that although learners have established aspirated stops,the degree of differentiation and accuracy of acquisition need to be improved,and they can’t distinguish sharp sounds from tongue sounds,which is easy to confuse r with l,f and h due to the influence of mother tongue pronunciation system.The acquisition of unvoiced stops b,d,g and nasal stops m and n is better.Finally,It summarize the results of auditory analysis and acoustic analysis,and analyze the main causes of learners’ errors,which includes negative transfer of mother tongue,negative transfer of target language knowledge,third language influence and learners’ own factors,etc.Chapter five,based on the above research content,carries out a special teaching design for The Acquisition of Chinese consonants by Japanese learners,and sets teaching objectives based on the International Chinese Education Chinese Level Standards（2021）.The teaching of Chinese consonants is divided into three stages,covering 21 consonants that can be used as initial consonants.Chapter six summarizes the full text,and puts forward the shortcomings and prospects.