Xia Jun And His "Shangshu Detailed Explanation" Study

There is no biography of Xia Zhuan in the history of the Song dynasty and the case study of the Song and Yuan dynasties.By investigating three kinds of Longyou County records compiled by Wan Ting-qian,Lu Can and Yu Shaosong,as well as Xu Xiangmei’s two famous records of Zhejiang and Wang Zicai’s addendum to the case of study in Song and Yuan dynasties,we can make a general exploration of his family background and life story.There is no record of the year of Xia Yi’s birth and death in any of the books.Yuan Fu once visited Xia Zhuan,and a copy of the book entitled after the Lecture Notes of the judges of Xia was found in his collection of Meng Zhai,and the dates recorded in Yuan Fu’s biography of the history of the Song dynasty and the collection of Meng Zhai are further discussed,it can be concluded that the Xia Zhuan lived between the reign of Song Gaozong’s Shaoxing and the reign of Song Lizong ’s Baoqing.There are two theories about the origin of Xia’s scholarship,one is from Lin Zhiqi and the other is from Cai Yuanding.There are few historical books on this issue,and those who have it are questioned by later generations.Therefore,as far as the present situation is concerned,this issue is facing the predicament of “Insufficient literature”.Xia was only the author of Shangshu Xiangjie,a book that was engraved from the beginning of song Chunxi’s reign to the Siku Quanshu of the Qing dynasty.Most of the books were in 16 volumes,but there were many differences among the county records and the titles of the books in the collection,by reviewing the relevant historical books,local gazetteers and bibliographies from the Song dynasty to the early Qing dynasty,the changes of title and volume of the book during this period can be clarified.Sikuguanchen collated the Zhejiang collected edition with the Yongle Encyclopedia edition,and revised the Shang Shu Xiang Jie into twenty-six volumes.Since then,the book has been handed down in two major systems,the Wu Yingdian collection edition and the Siku Quanshu edition,according to the Qing dynasty and modern official and private bibliographies can roughly understand the circulation of this twenty-six volumes as well as the existing situation.The National Library of China and the Japanese cabinet library each contain a rare version of the book,which has never been seen by the previous study of the book.There are nearly one hundred and fifty kinds of materials cited in Shangshu Xiangjie,which can be divided into two periods: before Song dynasty and Song dynasty.According to the analysis,Xia’s annotation of the sources of the materials quoted in Shangshu Xiangjie is quite random,and the names used are quite various,at the same time,a lot of the lost Confucianism of the Song dynasty has been preserved;the quoting of the materials of the Song dynasty and before the Song dynasty is biased,and in the Song dynasty more emphasis is placed on the works of the book of history;all the theories quoted by Zhang Jiucheng are after the book of Kang Wang Zhi Gao,probably because Zhang Jiucheng is the best narrator for this part of the story.From the contents of the book,it can be seen that Shangshu Xiangjie is a work of“Collecting and interpreting” style,and follows the principles of respecting the characters of the Yuan Code,opposing the addition and deletion of the I Ching texts,and pursuing the unity of the text and its meaning and does not require circuitous or implicative explanations,the methods of explaining the classics such as understanding the classics,confirming the classics and two theories are used.Perhaps it is because Xia respect for the text,pay attention to the overall meaning of the text,which makes the Shangshu Xiangjie stand out,spread so far.Xia Zhuan’s Shangshu Xiangjie had some influence on the development of Shangshu studies in the Southern Song and Yuan dynasties,Cai Chen’s Shu Ji Zhuan,Zhu Zuyi’s Shangshu Jujie,Li Gongkai’s Zuanji Keshan Shangshu Jujie,Dong Ding’s Shuzhuan Jilu Zuanzhu,Wang Tianyu’s Shangshu Zuanzhuan,and others have quoted and borrowed the contents and viewpoints of this book,therefore,the by Xia Zhuan’s Shang Shu Xiang Jie should have a place in the study of Shang Shu in the Song dynasty and the history of the study of Shang Shu.