| The meaning of Disaster-Relief is that the citizens who trapped by disasters could get materials and other assistance provided by their country or their society in order to get rid of the survival crisis and restore the order of disaster area.Being affected by the thought of Disaster-Relief,the thought of Relief-Rehabilitation came into being during the Second World War.Aimed at providing materials to many countries who suffered trauma during the Second World War to restore the order of production and life,the Relief-Rehabilitation was dominated by European and American countries,such as Britain and the United States.Thanking for the thought of Relief-Rehabilitation,the United Nations Relief-Rehabilitation Administration（UNRRA）was established after the Second World War.During the World Anti-Fascist War,China was one of the East Asian Battlefield that has suffered heavy losses.In order to get aid what was supported from the UNRRA,China established the Chinese National Relief-Rehabilitation Administration（CNRRA）.During the Anti-Japanese War,Henan Province was seriously injured because of the war and natural disasters.So CNRRA established Henan Branch Office（HBO）.Because of the special geographical and political environment,HBO’s Relief-Rehabilitation activities was very complex.HBO’s background,process,difference and effect would be explored in this paper.The materials’ storage and transportation was very important in the process of the Relief-Rehabilitation.HBO set up many storehouses and transfer stations and called many vehicles to get materials and other assistance provided by the UNRRA and the CNRRA.within two years,HBO transported a large number of goods and materials to all parts of the province,and helped many refugees.Accordi’ng to different needs,HBO adjusted the type and quantity of material distribution in different regions.At the beginning,HBO mainly focused on the common emergency relief of the whole province.Besides,HBO strengthened the embankment of the Yellow River In the later period,HBO mainly focused on the reconstruction of the area flooded by the Yellow River.In terms of regional distribution of materials,the area controlled by the Communist Party of China in northern Henan was limited to support emergency materials.However,the western and southwest Henan,got more supplies and assistance.In addition,the tussah industry in the southwest Henan has developed better and better.In places with poor traffic,the relief supplies would be replaced by vouchers.HBO not only provided relief supplies to the people who lived in southern Henan,but also helped them develop agricultural production.In addition,HBO was actively helping refugees came from eastern Henan to return home and rebuild their homes.when comparing HBO with Anhui Branch Office（ABO）and Zhejiang Branch Office（ZBO）we can fully understand the work done by HBO and its significance.Not only Henan Province,but also Anhui Province that were flooded by the Yellow River,so we could compare and analyze the differences in the relief of refugees between Henan Province and Anhui Province.Because Henan Province was an inland province and Zhejiang Province was a coastal province,the way they stored and transported supplies was not the same.The relationship between HBO and CNRRA was very special.CNRRA was superior,and HBO was inferior.In general,CNRRA played the role of sole commander.However,in actual operation,CNRRA’s orders may not be effectively communicated to HBO.Therefore,HBO has relative autonomy when facing special problems.This relative autonomy can make HBO’s work better. |
