Shandong After The Victory Relief And Rehabilitation Research(1945— 1947)

China suffered a huge disaster and paid huge national sacrifices during eight years from 1937 to 1945 when Chinese people fought against invaders together. Disaster relief and the soonest nation reconstruction became the most urgent mission.On the occasion of the World War II victory, U.S., Britain and other countries initiated to establish the"United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration"(UNRRA). This organization called for its members to donate funds for relief to war victim countries and assistance to their economic reconstitution. After the war, dozens of countries get assistance from the UNRRA while China is the largest aid target of the organization. The total investment funds and materials to China are more than one-third of all funds raised, up to 700,000,000 U.S. dollars. Under this international circumstance, in line with the reception of aid and materials from UNRRA, Chinese government set up the Chinese National Relief and Rehabilitation Association(CNRRA)January 1945. The office is located in Chongqing coral dam and Chiang Ting-Fu is the Direct General. CNRRA established 15 penalties Departments in succession in the occupied areas and ne of these departments is Lu Qing Branch.Japanese invasion of China in the Shandong region has been severe. The important geographical location, plentiful mineral resources and relatively better industrial and agricultural base made it an important area of national reconstruction after the war. Shouldering the mission of national reconstruction, under the wise leadership of the Branch Director Yan Guofu, Lu Qing Branch quickly launched the follow-up relief operations.At the same time, the liberated area government also established the Communist Liberated Areas Relief Administration(CLARA)to ensure adequate material assistance and relief to this district. Unity of purpose caused temporary cooperation of two parties and Lu Qing Branch of the CNRRA also launched following relief operations in liberated areas in Shandong.However, the domestic political environment in post-war situation was deteriorating, so there were incessant conflicts between the KMT and CPC and the most intense battle is to returning issue of the Yellow River.This paper consists of five parts, exploring the specific situation of KMT and CPC and their cooperation and friction conditions in the process of aftermath relief assistance between 1945 and 1947.The first section details the domestic and international background when Shandong Province carried out the post-war rehabilitation relief, focusing on the importance of post-war relief and rehabilitation of Shandong, the birth, mission of United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration and its cooperative relations with China.The second part analyzes the general aftermath relief situations of CNRRA and Lu Qing Branch in the Region controlled by GMT. This section is divided into two main areas, the first mediated Lu Qing Branch general situations, including the formation of Lu Qing Branch, sources, storage and transportation of materials, distribution organizations, relief principle and cope of relief materials. The second aspect explores the business of Lu Qing Branch: vibration-shirt business, removal services, health and epidemic prevention and medical aid, relief and rehabilitation of agriculture, mining and other rehabilitation services.The third part focuses on the aftermath relief situations of the liberated areas in Shandong. CNRRA, Lu Qing Branch and CLARA are responsible for the aftermath relief work in Shandaong province. The article will be carried out to analyze the causes, process and result of relief work as well as evaluation to these three relief agencies as close as historical fact. The fourth part will focus on the Yellow River crevasse repair project. Yellow River embankment rehabilitation works was the component of aftermath relief work while it became the argument focus between KMT and CPC. From the beginning to the end of the project there were a number of difficult negotiations between two parties. This section describes the negotiation process, interests differences of the KMT and CPC, and protocols achieved in the round.Part five is mainly evaluation and reflection. This section will pass objective judgment on the relief situations of two parties while investigating main problems in the process and its reflection value on the role of reality.