An Intervention Study Of Dietary Supplements On The Composition Of Breast Milk

Background:Vitamin A supplementation has been advocated as a potential strategy to improve the vitamin A status of lactating mothers and infants.In China,vitamin A supplements are readily available in the form of daily oral low doses.However,the existing clinical trials are limited to single or two high-dose maternal administration.Objective:We aimed to evaluate the effects of the daily oral low-dose vitamin A supplementation on the retinol levels in serum and breast milk of lactating mothers and the health status of infants in China.Methods:Lactating mothers who met the inclusion criteria and planned to continue exclusive breast-feeding were randomly assigned to receive either daily oral vitamin A and D drops(one soft capsule of 1800IU vitamin A and 600IU vitamin D₂),or a matching blank control for 2 months.Before and after the intervention,the dietary intake was investigated by instant photography,and the retinol concentration in maternal serum and breast milk was determined by UPLC.During the trial,the health status of infants was diagnosed by pediatrician or reported by lactating mothers.Results:245 participants completed the study with 117 in supplementation group and128 in control group.After the 2-month intervention,maternal serum retinol concentration increased in supplementation group with no change in control group.Although breast milk retinol concentrations decreased significantly in both groups,the decrease in supplementation group was significantly less than that in the control group.However,maternal vitamin A supplementation was not associated with lower risks of infant febrile illness,respiratory tract infection,diarrhea and eczema respectively.Conclusion:Daily oral low-dose vitamin A supplementation is helpful to improve the maternal vitamin A status and can also play a positive role in vitamin A status of infants through breast milk.Background: Nutrition supplementation has a potential for maternal and infant water-soluble vitamin status,nevertheless,the effect of supplementation lactating women with multiple vitamins on the variations are still not fully understood.Existing trials are small sample size and short-time intervention.it has not reported whether maternal oral multiple vitamins could effect the breast milk multiple vitamins concentration.Objective: The aim of our study was to determine the effect of supplementation lactating women with multiple vitamins on the multiple vitamins concentration in the breast milk and assess the association between vitamin in the breast milk and maternal dietary intake.Method:lactating women who met the inclusion criteria and planned to continue exclusive breast-feeding were randomly assigned to receive either daily oral multiple vitamins or a matching placebo for 2 months.Before and after the intervention,the dietary intake was investigated FFQ,and the breast milk vitamins were determined by UPLC.Result: 128 participants completed the study with66 in supplementation group and 62 in control group.In general,After the 2-month intervention,multiple vitamins(Elevit)supplementation of lactating women increased the thiamin and riboflavin concentration,but not the niacin,pyridoxal and folic acid concentration.A positive correlation between breast-milk vitamin B1 and maternal dietary intakes of vitamin B1(?=0.357,P=0.00)was observed in our study,as well as the result in breast milk vitamin B2(?=0.12,P=0.01),and the correlation remained after adjustment for lactating women's age,BMI,dietary energy intake,education,gestational weeks,parity,delivery way and infant age,(?=0.371,P=0.00),(?=0.13,P=0.00),respectively.This correlation was not observed in niacin,pyridoxal and folic acid.Conclusion: we found that oral multiple vitamins supplements can increase the thiamin and riboflavin concentration,but not the niacin,pyridoxal and folic acid concentration.