The Nutrition Of Lactating Women And Growth Of Their Infants

Background Lactating women's dietary and iodine nutrition not only concerns their own condition of health,but also is relation to their infants' body and neurodevelopment.Assessing their nutrition and growth of their infants is important.It can promote the infants' health growth and adjusting lactating mothers' diet and attitude.Purpose Lactating is a special period for every postpartum woman and the breast milk is the most important source of nutrients.The iodine and other nutrients can influence infants' body and neurodevelopment directly.We aimed to describe and assess the iodine and other nutrition conditions of lactating women and the infants' physical and neural development in which the region is sever iodine deficiency.Methods Tracking the lactating women and their infant in Wushi and Baicheng county on the basis of the study of pregnant women in the cohort,a total of 233 women and their infant were involved.A questionnaire survey was conducted to understand the24 h dietary intake of lactating women and their KAP and the infants' general condition.Using the arsenic cerium catalytic spectrophtometry to collect their urinary iodine and the DDST to evaluate the infants' neurodevelopment.Results1)The total morbidity of anemia in Baicheng and Wushi is 26.58%,29.10%% is in Baicheng and 22.73% is in Wushi.The severity of anemia in Baicheng is all mild and except for two moderate anemia lactating women in Wushi,the others is all mild anemia.2)In terms of the understanding of the nutrition knowledge,more than 90%lactating women knew how to prevent the iodine deficiency and 48% know the harm of iodine deficiency;None of the lactating women had heard of dietary guidelines,less than one third knew the food of which contains the most protein and less than twenty of them know the best food to supply iron.In terms of the behavior of nutrition,95.3% women have taken the nutritional supplements and 85.15% was iodine supplements.3)The pass rate of KAP of the two county is 71% and 81.8% is Baicheng,53.4% is Wushi.The score of Baicheng is higher than Wushi and the difference was statistically significant(P?0.05).4)The 24 h energy,protein,vitamin A,thiamine,riboflavin,nicotinic acid,calcium,potassium,magnesium,iron,zinc and selenium intake of people living in two county is all below the reference intake and the difference with statistically significance(P?0.05);The protein power of two county is all in the recommended range and the fat power is on the opposite,the carbohydrate power is 55%-65% higher than the recommended range.5)The MUIC of lactating women in Baicheng is 284.63?g/L,18.24% is below 150?g/L,the MUIC of lactating in Wushi is 209.08?g/L,40.57% is lower than 150?g/L.The MUIC of infant in Wushi is 386.89?g/L,10% is below 100?g/L and the MUIC of infant in Baicheng is 402.7?g/L,10.44% is behind of 100?g/L;There is a correlation between MUIC in lactating women and their infant(r=0.275,P=0.011).6)The head circumference of infant,height and 24 intake of protein all influence the infants' weight,the F value of multivariate regression analysis is 4.169.The infants' age?head circumference,weight of lactating women,delivery times and 24 h intake of iron all promote the height of infants and the F value of multivariate regression analysis is9.934.Conclusion1)There was a high prevalence of anemia among lactating mothers.2)The results of KAP for lactating women were general but the most of them lack the knowledge of nutrition,the publicity and guidance should be strengthened.3)The iodine condition of lactating women and infants were appropriate but some was too high to be monitored.4)The dietary intake of 24 h was low in lactating women and this may caused by the differences in ethic and culture habits.5)There was a correlation between mother's nutrition and infants' weight and height,but no evidence of the effect of nutrition on the neurogenesis of infants.