Observation Of Clinical Efficacy Of Various Non-drug Therapies For Myopia In Adolescents And Children

BackgroundCurrently,with the rapid development of electronic products and the widespread use of the Internet,the incidence of myopia is increasing,and it has become one of the most serious Public health Problems in the world.A high incidence of myopia among young people has become a trend.The overall myopia rate among Chinese children and adolescents is 53.6%,according to the 2018 National Myopia Survey among Children and Adolescents released by the National Health Commission.The rate of myopia among young people ranks first in the world,much higher than in European and American countries.The Pathogenesis of myopia is not yet clear,but the primary explanation is induced by a combination of genetic and environmental factors.Western medicine believes that the decline of visual function is mainly related to the weakening of the regulation function of the eye muscles,among which the sphincter,dilator muscle,ciliaris,and extraocular muscles are the main muscle groups that cause the occurrence and development of myopia.If the myopia is not healed for a long time,it will continue to develop and gradually lead to the growth of the eye axis,showing a trend of deepening and aging year by year.The understanding of myopia in traditional Chinese medicine can be traced back to thousands of years ago,and the etiology and Pathogenesis of the disease are clearly explained.It is mainly related to the dysfunction of Qi,blood,Yin,Yang,and viscera in the body as a whole.Myopia leads to a wide range of complications,including vitreous opacity,retinal detachment,macular degeneration and,in severe cases,irreversible consequences such as glaucoma and blindness.At present,the main solutions for myopia are wearing glasses,medication and surgery.Optical correction by glasses is the main intervention method for simple myopia,but it cannot improve visual acuity of the naked eye.Drugs such as atropine can improve visual acuity,but once the drug is discontinued,vision problem will rebound or causing even worsen myopia,along with some side effects such as Photophobia,blurred vision and allergic conjunctivitis.Laser surgery may be complicated by other eye diseases such as near vision impairment and dry eye,and has age restrictions.Nonpharmacological therapies are proposed to differ from traditional treatment regiments,usually without the intervention of drugs,which refers to the use of optical.psychological,physical and other methods to produce a certain cognitive load on the visual system of the eyes.Combined with active eye muscle exercise,integrated multi-dimensional harmonics such as eye blood supplying nerve to regulate brain function and even the whole body,active training is integrated with passive conditioning under nonpharmacological intervention such as light,electricity,sound and magnetism,so as to achieve all-round improvement of vision,in a bid to improve the visual function and comfort of the visual system.It is considered to be a physical and side-effect-free way to treat myopia to improve and repair binocular abnormalities and regulate body and mind.Therefore,based on the real world research,we innovatively proposed the experimental program of "Observation of the clinical efficacy of multiple nonpharmacological therapies for adolescents and children with myopia" and carried out the corresponding subject research.Aims to,through the analysis of the existing clinical cases to explore three nonpharmacological therapies is being collected for the effectiveness of child and adolescent myopia and the existing problems,and the effect is good therapy before and after controlled clinical trial scheme design,single arm,for deeper exploration clear its security and social value,in order to solve the current situation of child and adolescent myopia clinical provide scientific reference basis.Objective1.Through the literature review of the current understanding of myopia and the status quo of treatment at home and abroad,to understand the role of nonpharmacological therapies in the treatment of myopia and the advantages of myopia.2.Based on real world studies,nonpharmacological therapies related to the treatment of myopia are collected and their effectiveness is analyzed to provide reference for further research.3.Randomized controlled trials and single-arm pre-and Post-controlled trials were designed to further clarify the clinical efficacy,safety and social value of the treatment method,and the effective cases were summarized.This paper presents a scientific and interesting training program for non-pharmaceutical myopia correction.MethodsReal-world studies were used to retrospectively analyze current non-pharmacological therapies for myopia,including acupuncture(28 cases),device therapy(57 cases)and meditation(192 cases).After statistical analysis and comprehensive comparison of the improvement of naked visual acuity or the changes of the axial length and corneal curvature of the diopter visual distance before and after the treatment of the three methods,the meditation method was finally determined as the next experimental scheme.Thirty patients who participated in the guided meditation for vision acuity training on adolescent myopia from March 2020 to APril 2020 were collected,and relevant case report forms were developed,including basic information,myopia status,myopia intervention history,past medical history,daily diet and lifestyle habits,daily activity time allocation,eye symptom score,aggregate deficiency symptom score and naked eye vision,etc.Finaly,a total of 23 effective cases were collected for statistical analysis using Microsoft Excel and SPSS 22.0.ResultChapter One Retrospective analysis of the clinical efficacy of three kinds of non-pharmaceutical therapies for myopia in adolescents and children:Acupuncture method is based on the theory of strengthening the root of Chinese medicine,which adopts the distal acupoint selection to carry out the harmonization of liver,spleen and kidney.The instrument method is based on physical methods to stimulate the acupoints around the eyes and train the adjustment function of the extraocular muscle and ciliary muscle.The method of meditation is based on the holistic theory of traditional Chinese medicine,which combines the form and spirit with the body and mind,covering the local stimulation around the eyes and the overall regulation of the body and mind.Through the comprehensive analysis of statistical significance and practical significance,it is finally determined that the meditation method has the advantages of better clinical efficacy,strong compliance and high safety.Chapter Two Single arm study was conducted to investigate the clinical effect of meditation for vision acuity training on adolescent myopia:1.Basic information:The incidence of myopia in the mother's family was 43.48%,which was higher than that in the father's case of 21.74%.And the circumstance that parents appear myopia and receive education degree concern,in myopic parents,receive education degree in undergraduate course or junior college and above account for 60%,high school or technical secondary school and the following account for 40%.2.Basic information of myopia:The myopia duration was less than 1 year in 7 Patients(30.43%),1-2 years in 10 Patients(43.48%),2-3 years in 5 Patients(21.74%),and more than 3 years in 1 Patients(4.35%).Of the causes of myopia,15(65.22 Percent)are caused by reading books or doing homework,and 13(56.52 Percent)are related to using electronic products.3.Myopia intervention history and previous medical history:After the diagnosis of myopia,only 3 patients(13.04%)had taken relevant treatment measures,and 20 patients(86.96%)had not taken treatment.Among the previous drugs used for cold,the most frequently used drugs were antibiotics and antiviral drugs(30.43%),followed by traditional Chinese medicine and antipyretic and analgesic drugs(26.09%)and 5(21.74%),respectively.Two patients(8.7%)had a history of conjunctivitis.4.Daily diet and living habits:17 people(73.91%)like sweets,including 6 boys and 11 girls;Among the dietary preferences,16 people(69.57%)like meat,and 14 people(60.87%)like fruit,accounting for the main proportion.16 people(69.57%)had eyes less than 33cm from books when reading,and 18 people(78.26%)had eyes more than or equal to 3m when watching TV.In the survey of posture for homework,5 people(21.74%)had bad posture and 17 people(73.91%)had normal posture.Only 1 person(4.35%)had good posture.5.Schedule daily activities:In the time distribution table of daily activities,13 people(56.52%)spent less time on outdoor activities,with less than 1h.There were 14 people(60.86%)who usually spent about 2h reading and homework,and the average sedentary time was 2-4h or more than 6h per day.There were 11 people(47.83%)who slept less than 9 hours,and 12 people(52.17%)who slept more than 9 hours.6.Eye Symptom Score:Before treatment,15 patients(65.21%)were in grade 1,7(30.43%)were in grade 2,and 1(4.35%)were in grade 3.The ocular symptom scores after treatment were all in the range of I,including 3 cases with 0 scores.7.Uncorrected visual acuity:The t-test of naked eye vision before and after treatment showed P<0.001,and the difference was statistically significant.According to the change of actual value,it also had clinical significance.After treatment,22 patients(95.65%)were evaluated as effective or cured,and only 1 patient(4.35%)was ineffective.ConclusionsI.For myopic subjects,the distance between the fingertip and the nib when writing,the distance between the eyes and the book when reading is less than the prescribed distance,the sitting posture is not straight,outdoor activities are less,and the sitting time is long,which are the important factors leading to myopia.2.During the COVID-19 epidemic,the popularity of online classes led to a concentrated increase in the time spent using electronic products at this stage,which was the main reason for myopia in the past year.3.Comparison of naked visual acuity of both eyes before and after treatment showed P<0.001,and the difference was statistically significant.This method has a good therapeutic effect on the improvement of naked eye vision.No adverse events and high safety.4.Meditation is mainly through the coordination of body posture,breathing and consciousness regulation,so that the practice of mind calm,inner peace,determined and wisdom,is a way to improve attention and improve mood.Integrating meditation elements into vision training,the organic combination of movement,breathing and imagination,can improve vision by enhancing the regulation function of eye muscle,and achieve the effect of integrating body and mind into internal and external treatment.5.In order to better prevent the incidence of myopia in adolescents and children,we should start with multiple factors including vision training methods,diet,living habits and daily activities.