A Study On The Correlation Between Nurses' Public Stigma And Social Distance In Hepatitis B Patients And Carriers

Purpose:This study investigated the status quo of public stigma and social distance of hepatitis B patients and carriers among nurses in five general hospitals in Liaoning Province,in order to understand the existing level of public stigma and social distance,and to explore the differences of public stigma and social distance between clinical nurses with different demographic variables,Objective to analyze the relationship between nurses' public stigma and social distance,explore the influencing factors of nurses' social distance to hepatitis B patients and carriers,and put forward countermeasures and suggestions,so as to provide theoretical basis for reducing nurses' public stigma and social distance to hepatitis B patients and carriers.Method:In this study,convenience sampling method was used to select 426 clinical nurses from five general hospitals in Liaoning Province from July 19,2020 to October 25,2020.The general demographic data questionnaire,the public stigma scale of nurses for hepatitis B patients and carriers,and the social distance scale of China comprehensive social survey volume B were used to investigate the subjects.Spss25.0 software was used for statistical analysis of the data:descriptive analysis was used for the general demographic data of nurses,the degree of public stigma of hepatitis B patients and carriers,and the level of social distance ± The standard deviation was expressed,and the counting data was expressed by frequency and percentage;One way ANOVA or independent sample t-test were used to analyze the differences of public stigma and social distance among nurses;Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between public stigma and social distance;Objective to explore the influencing factors of nurses' social distance to hepatitis B patients and carriers by stepwise linear regression analysis.Results:1.The score of public stigma of hepatitis B patients and carriers by nurses ranged from38 to 117,with an average score of(84.02±14.52).The scores of three dimensions were as follows:disease cognition dimension(35.52±7.60),daily life dimension(28.36±5.48),and the dimension of professional work was(20.68±5.00).2.The score of social distance of nurses to hepatitis B patients and carriers ranged from 6to 24,with an average score of(15.84±3.58).The score of each item from high to low was:marriage with relatives(3.25±0.65),taking care of their children or children they know(2.77±0.63),close cooperation in work(2.74±0.74),making friends(2.64±0.74),spending time with others(2.26±0.65),being a neighbor(2.07±0.54).3.There were significant differences in the total score of public stigma of hepatitis B patients and carriers among nurses in six aspects:age,marital status,education background,professional title,working years and whether they had participated in knowledge training(p<0.05);There were significant differences in the total score of social distance among nurses with different age,marital status,education background,professional title and working years(p<0.01).4.There was a significant positive correlation between the degree of public stigma and social distance(r=0.512,p<0.01).5.The results of stepwise linear regression analysis showed that the influence of disease cognition dimension,daily life dimension,professional work dimension,education background and working years on the total score of social distance was statistically significant,which explained the variation of 40.3% of the total score of social distance of nurses to hepatitis B patients and carriers.On the basis of keeping other factors unchanged,the higher the scores of disease cognition dimension,daily life dimension and professional work dimension,the higher the level of social distance to hepatitis B patients and carriers;the higher the education level and the longer the working time,the lower the level of social distance to nurses.Conclusion:1.Nurses have a certain degree of public stigma on hepatitis B patients and carriers.Therefore,hospital managers should pay attention to the level of nurses' public stigma and give targeted measures.2.The influencing factors of nurses' public stigma on hepatitis B patients and carriers were age,marital status,education background,professional title,working years and relevant knowledge training.3.Nurses have a certain degree of social distance from hepatitis B patients and carriers.4.There was a significant positive correlation between public stigma and social distance,that is,the more serious the degree of public stigma,the higher the level of social distance.5.The influencing factors of nurses' social distance to hepatitis B patients and carriers were disease cognition dimension,daily life dimension,professional work dimension,education background and working years.