| In the process of rapid urbanization,land is an important resource to support urban development.In order to play the carrying role of land in economic and social development,Chinese governments at all levels are deeply involved in the management of construction land,and constantly improve the policy mechanism of land allocation within the framework of the system and the rule of law.In the top-down administrative system,provincial governments have the right to allocate incremental construction land within the province and coordinate it through planning management,performance assessment,fiscal and tax incentives and regional development policies,which also make local cities have spatial and industrial preferences in the allocation of construction land.However,government-led land management often leads to deviation between land allocation and market demand,which affects the use efficiency of construction land.It is an important issue to perfect provincial construction land management and optimize land allocation to study the influence of system and policy on construction land allocation within the province,and to deeply analyze the self-efficacy of construction land and the spatial and industrial differences of its contribution rate to urban development.In view of the problems existing in the management of construction land at provincial level,this thesis focuses on the influence of system and policy on the allocation and use preference of construction land,and then through the analysis and evaluation of the contribution rate of construction land to urban development,puts forward countermeasures and suggestions to optimize and perfect the management of construction land allocation at provincial level.Firstly,the system and policy analysis framework of provincial construction land allocation is constructed,and the influence of political performance assessment system,fiscal and tax system and regional development policy on provincial construction land allocation is studied,as well as the characteristics and performance of provincial construction land allocation formed thereby.Secondly,taking Shandong province as an empirical case,this thesis uses correlation analysis,comparative advantage,coupling coordination degree,offset share model and other methods to empirically analyze the spatial and industrial allocation characteristics of construction land in Shandong province under the influence of institutions and policies during 2000-2018.Thirdly,using C-D production function and regression analysis method,this thesis empirically analyzed the spatial difference of contribution rate of construction land to urban economic,social and ecological development in province from2000 to 2018.Finally,according to the research results,countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to optimize the spatial and departmental allocation of construction land in the province.The main conclusions are as follows:（1）The institutions and policies affecting the allocation of provincial construction land mainly fall into four categories: basic,restrictive,driving and instrumental.,including system mainly includes basic land ownership system,land use system and the system of land diversion and restrictive system including land use planning management system,driving system and policy refers to the achievements appraisal system,fiscal and taxation system,regional development policy,the economical and intensive use of construction land,the instrumental system mainly refers to the land reserve system and land financial system.With the support of basic and instrumental institutional arrangements,driving institutions and policies affect the spatial and industrial allocation of provincial construction land through the formulation and implementation of land use planning and planned index management.（2）The coordination of basic and instrumental systems,through political performance assessment,fiscal and tax incentives and regional development coordination,has a profound impact on the optimal allocation of construction land in space and industry.On the one hand,under the guidance of political performance assessment and fiscal and tax incentives,local governments actively expand development space and expand the scale of construction land in order to improve the level of economic development and obtain more fiscal revenue.On the other hand,in order to promote the sustained growth of economy and fiscal revenue and avoid the real estate bubble,local cities often regulate and control the oversaturated supply of industrial land and the oversaturated supply of commercial service land and residential land,which will lead to a phenomenon of high proportion of industrial land and low proportion of commercial service land and residential land in the short term.In order to avoid the spatial and structural dislocation of land and population urbanization and reflect the human-centered urbanization goal,provincial governments have strengthened the construction land regulation policy based on population increment.Under the guidance of coordinated regional development,provincial governments adopt a regulation mechanism combining agglomeration and balance to allocate construction land in high-efficiency areas,while taking into account the supply of construction land in areas with comparative advantages that lack construction land.（3）Through the empirical analysis of the temporal and spatial changes of construction land in Shandong Province,it is further demonstrated that the provincial construction land allocation policy has an effective regulation effect on regional development.In terms of spatial allocation characteristics,there is spatial dislocation between construction land allocation and comparative advantage of construction land use,but it is coordinated with population growth.In terms of the characteristics of sector allocation,the growth rate of industrial land is low,but it still has strong growth competitiveness.Commercial service land growth rate is high,and the growth competitiveness is strong;Residential land growth rate is low and growth competitiveness is insufficient.（4）The contribution rate of capital factors to urban economic and social development and ecological deterioration is the highest,followed by construction land and labor force.In the regions with high coupling coordination degree of "comparative advantage of construction land--construction land increment" and "population increment--construction land increment",the contribution rate of construction land to urban economic and social development and ecological deterioration is higher.The allocation of construction land following comparative advantage can increase the contribution rate of construction land to urban economic and social development,but also bring negative impact on urban ecology.Based on the research conclusions,countermeasures and suggestions are put forward to optimize the allocation of construction land in the province: improve land related laws and regulations,adjust the distribution mechanism of land transfer income;We will adjust the system for assessing political performance and the fiscal and taxation systems,and appropriately ease pressure on less-developed areas in assessing political performance and in revenue and expenditure.Differentiated allocation of construction land should be carried out,and more construction land should be allocated to regions and industries with comparative advantages according to the location conditions,resource endowment and development foundation of different regions. |
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