The Belt And Road Initiative And Energy Efficiency In Countries Along The Route

In the current era of climate warming and global emission reduction,optimizing energy use and reducing greenhouse gas emissions are the common development constraints faced by all countries in the world.Most of the countries along the routes of the the “Belt and Road” are developing countries.They are either in the stage of extensive economic development or in the stage of transition from extensive economy to intensive economy.How to break the development constraints caused by rigid demand for energy and environmental pollution has become an important issue proposed by the “Belt and Road”.Therefore,how to achieve the coupling development of steady economic growth,efficient use of energy and steady implementation of environmental protection has become an important research direction of academic research and policy formulation.Based on this,this paper focuses on the policy effect of the the “Belt and Road” initiative,the energy utilization situation of the countries along the the “Belt and Road” and the feasible path to improve energy utilization,and then provides practical policy recommendations for optimizing the global energy allocation and promoting the transformation and upgrading of the new global energy mechanism,which is of great significance.According to the idea of evaluating the policy effect of the “Belt and Road”initiative,analyzing the current situation of energy efficiency in the countries along the the “Belt and Road” route,and exploring the path of improving energy efficiency in the countries along the the “Belt and Road” route,this paper conducts theoretical analysis and empirical research,and draws the following main research conclusions:First,the the “Belt and Road” initiative has a relatively obvious role in promoting economic growth and energy consumption,and as the the “Belt and Road”initiative continues to advance,the policy effect will be more obvious,so promoting the the “Belt and Road” initiative is beneficial to the development of countries along the line.At the same time,the evaluation of policy effects provides theoretical support for the promotion of the the “Belt and Road” initiative,and enriches the research experience in this field.Second,the static energy efficiency and dynamic energy efficiency of the countries along the the “Belt and Road” are 0.6058 and 1.0406.Respectively,the overall energy efficiency of the countries along the the “Belt and Road” is relatively low,but there is a slight upward trend.The sub-sample results show that the static and dynamic energy efficiency of low-income countries are 0.4960 and 0.9892,respectively,which are low and show a certain downward trend;The static and dynamic energy efficiency of high-income countries are 0.6513 and 1.0627,respectively,which are relatively high and have an upward trend.Third,the club convergence results of the energy efficiency of the countries along the the “Belt and Road” show that there are three clubs with the average efficiency of 0.9460,0.7671 and 0.5423 respectively from the perspective of static energy efficiency,and the lower the efficiency level of each club is,the larger its scale is,which conforms to the pyramid shape of narrow at the top and wide at the bottom on the whole;From the perspective of dynamic energy efficiency,there are two clubs,with the average efficiency of 1.1194 and 0.8300 respectively,in which the high-efficiency club is larger and the low-efficiency club is smaller,showing a funnel-like overall;According to the convergence results of static and dynamic efficiency,the countries along the line can be divided into three groups: “static,dynamic double high”,“ low static,high dynamic” and “static,dynamic double low”,showing the shape of wide in the middle and narrow at both ends.Fourth,the “Belt and Road” along the whole country to export high energy consumption of primary products,and the development of their aviation industry will bring short-term pain;Countries in the stage of extensive economic development have a low level of industrialization,loose trade structure,and the government attaches importance to economic development but neglects environmental protection;Countries in the transition stage have better industrial foundation,fine and efficient export industry chain,relatively stable economic structure,and the government pays attention to the coordinated development of economy and environment,attaches importance to the upgrading of energy technology,and gradually promotes the transformation process.Based on the above conclusions,this paper puts forward the following policy recommendations:First,while pushing forward the the “Belt and Road” initiative,we need to clarify the current situation of energy efficiency in countries along the “Belt and Road”,and adopt targeted policies to make up the shortcomings;Second,from the perspective of energy development,the results of the club convergence provide a new way to identify the types of countries along the the “Belt and Road”,and the countries along the the “Belt and Road” should identify the heterogeneity of countries,at the same time,explore potential opportunities for cooperation and promote in-depth energy cooperation;Third,the countries along the the “Belt and Road” need to adopt heterogeneous policies to improve energy efficiency according to their actual development stages;Fourth,as the sponsor of the the “Belt and Road”,China should actively carry out energy cooperation with countries along the routes to achieve win-win results and promote the formation of a new global energy mechanism.