| Kiwifruit is a large dioecious deciduous woody liana,which is planted all over the world.Kiwifruit is rich in nutrition and high in economic benefits,so it is called "king of vitamin C".In different growth and development stages,temperature,light,precipitation,soil and topographical conditions will affect the growth of kiwifruit.Kiwifruit is suitable for growing in a warm and humid environment with sufficient sunshine,suitable soil and good drainage.The disasters of late frost and strong wind in the germination period,drought and waterlogging in the growth period,and frost and snowfall in the mature period all have a great impact on its growth and development.Therefore,choosing a suitable area to plant kiwifruit can improve the ability of kiwifruit growers to cope with climate change and meteorological disasters It is particularly important.Shaanxi Province has superior geographical environment,unique natural climate conditions,and natural conditions to produce a variety of high-quality fruits.At present,the industry scale and output of Kiwifruit in Shaanxi Province rank first in China.In this paper,climate regionalization model and geographical indication of Kiwifruit in Shaanxi Province were discussed.In this study,meteorological data of 35 basic and benchmark meteorological stations in the province for 15 consecutive years,soil data and spatial data in the whole province are used to analyze the environmental conditions required by the growth and development of Kiwifruit in various regions of the province,determine the suitability evaluation index,calculate the index weight,and calculate the suitability value of kiwifruit planting in various regions by entropy method and grey correlation analysis method,so as to obtain the better one The results of evaluation and regionalization of the suitability of Kiwifruit in Shaanxi Province.On this basis,according to the questionnaire of meteorological disaster design in each phenological stage of kiwifruit,two kiwifruit geographical indication agricultural product planting areas,Zhouzhi and Meixian,were selected to investigate the kiwifruit growers.With the help of regression analysis,the perception of climate change and meteorological disaster and the perception of adaptability of the growers were summarized.The results will provide scientific basis for the overall planning and systematic development of kiwifruit industry in Shaanxi Province,and promote the sustainable development and competitiveness of kiwifruit industry.(1)From 2002 to 2016,the interannual dynamic characteristics of temperature,precipitation,sunshine and other meteorological elements in Northern Shaanxi,Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi are as follows:the annual average temperature in Northern Shaanxi,Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi gradually increases from north to South;the annual average precipitation in Northern Shaanxi,Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi presents increasing spatial distribution characteristics;the order of sunshine hours in the whole province is northern Shaanxi>Central Shaanxi>Southern Shaanxi;The accumulated temperature of? 10? activity in the whole province has gradually increased spatial distribution characteristics from the north,central and south of Shaanxi.(2)Combined with the current research,summed up the impact of kiwifruit growth and development of natural factors:temperature,precipitation,light,accumulated temperature,topography,soil and so on.In the process of kiwifruit planting,the meteorological disasters that are easy to occur mainly include the frost damage in the overwintering period,the frost damage in the bud expansion period,the drought in summer,the high temperature sunburn and the continuous rain in autumn.Based on the summary of the existing research results,this paper constructs the climate suitability evaluation index system of Kiwifruit in Shaanxi Province.The main indexes include annual average temperature,annual precipitation,extreme minimum temperature,sunshine hours,? 10? active accumulated temperature,frost free period,slope,slope direction and soil type,and summarizes the most suitable,suitable and suitable indicators of kiwifruit cultivation The boundary between the scope of suboptimal and unsuitable.(3)Based on the selection index range of kiwifruit planting suitability in Shaanxi Province,GIS spatial interpolation method was used to evaluate the suitability of single factor.The results of single factor evaluation show that:in the middle and east of Guanzhong,most of Southern Shaanxi belong to the suitable range of annual average temperature;in the South and south of Guanzhong,the suitable range of annual average precipitation;in most of Southern Shaanxi and part of central Guanzhong(the northern foot of Qinling Mountains and the South Bank of Weihe River),the suitable range of extreme minimum temperature;in Shangluo area,Guanzhong and southern Shaanxi,the suitable range of sunshine hours The weather stations belong to the suitable range of accumulated temperature of kiwifruit growth activities,which are the southern foot of Qinling Mountain,the junction of Sichuan and Shaanxi in the south of Shaanxi,the north,the middle and the south of Shaanxi;the areas belong to the suitable range of frost free period of kiwifruit growth activities are the most part of Southern Shaanxi,the most part of Guanzhong,the Yellow River coast in the east of Shaanxi;and the kiwifruit The suitable areas for the slope of kiwifruit growth activities are the northern,central and southern parts of Shaanxi,the most parts of Guanzhong,and the central area of Hanzhong Ankang in southern Shaanxi;the suitable areas for the slope of kiwifruit growth activities are the northern,central and southern parts of Shaanxi,the most parts of Guanzhong,and the central area of Hanzhong Ankang in southern Shaanxi;kiwifruit growth The suitable areas for long-term soil activities are northern Shaanxi,central and Northern Guanzhong,and central part of Southern Shaanxi.(4)Entropy method and grey relation analysis method were used to calculate the index weight.After comprehensive analysis,the climate suitability of Kiwifruit in Shaanxi Province was evaluated.The high suitable area is mainly distributed in the middle of Guanzhong Plain,extending southward to the north foot of Qinling Mountain,northward to the South Bank of Weihe River,mainly including Xi'an City,Xianyang city and Baoji City;the suitable area is mainly distributed in the hilly area of Southern Shaanxi,the junction of Sichuan and Shaanxi,part of Guanzhong City,including Hanzhong City,Ankang City and part of Shangluo City;the sub suitable area is mainly distributed in the north of Southern Shaanxi In the West and south of Guanzhong,including Hanzhong City,Baoji City,Ankang City,Shangluo City and Tongchuan City;the unsuitable areas are distributed in the north of Shaanxi Province and the dry highland area in the north of Weihe River in Guanzhong.(5)Based on the investigation of farmers in kiwifruit planting area,this paper analyzes their perception of climate change and adaptive efficacy.The results show that the more serious the climate change causes the winter frost damage,the sprout expansion frost damage and the high temperature weather disaster,the higher the altitude and the closer the terrain is to the mountain,the more negative the farmers'adaptive efficacy perception.The more educated the grower is,the longer the planting time is,the higher the yield of kiwifruit is,and the higher the income of kiwifruit is.The more often he chats with his friends to get climate information,the more positive the grower's perception of adaptive effectiveness is. |
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