Research On The Effect Of Water And Land Physical Fitness Training On The Anaerobic Capacity And Performance Of 100-meter Freestyle Swimmers

Research purposes: Swimming is a physical-dominant sport,and athlete’s physical fitness is an important factor affecting swimming performance.In this paper,through the 8-week experimental comparison of swimming routine training in water and water and land training,the athletes’ physical fitness,anaerobic capacity and sports performance of 100-meter freestyle before and after the experiment were tested,and the effect of water and land physical training on the anaerobic ability and sports performance of 100-meter freestyle swimmers was discussed.Effect.To provide scientific basis and training methods for improving the physical fitness and sports performance of swimmers.Research methods: A total of 24 male athletes from the swimming team of Guangdong Sports Vocational and Technical College were randomly divided into experimental group and control group.The experimental period was carried out for eight weeks,and the swimming training was performed four times a week.The training in the experimental group was physical training on land every Wednesday afternoon,and the control group performed physical training in water every Wednesday afternoon.The test content includes 1.Sports performance test: After the athletes arrive in the swimming pool,sit still for 10 minutes,measure the heart rate,blood oxygen saturation,blood lactate,and RPE value.After warming up for 1,000 meters,they will be randomly divided into groups to start the 100-meter freestyle special performance test,and record the 50-meter segment.Performance and immediately after exercise,3 minutes after exercise,5 minutes after exercise,blood lactate,RPE value 2.Physical fitness test: Physical fitness indicators are: BMI,sitting body forward bending vertical vertical jump,30 s sprint running,vertical vertical jump,bench press maximum strength,Squat maximum strength,pull-up,abdominal muscle endurance,back muscle endurance 3.Anaerobic power test: peak power,average power,relative average power,power decline rate,heart rate,blood oxygen saturation;4.Physiological and biochemical indicators Test: The venous blood of the subjects was drawn at 8:00 on Monday morning before and after the experiment,and the physiological and biochemical indicators were tested: testosterone（T）,cortisol（C）,blood urea（BU）,red blood cells（RBC）,hematocrit（HCT）,Hemoglobin（HB）.SPSS22.0 statistical software was used for statistical processing of the data obtained in this study,and the software Graphpad Prism 8.0 was used to draw icons.Paired samples T test was used for intra-group comparison,and independent samples T test was used for inter-group comparison.P<0.05 was considered significant.Difference,P < 0.01 is a very significant difference.Research results: 1.Compared with before training,the peak power,average power and relative average power of swimmers in the two groups were significantly improved（P<0.01）,but the improvement in the experimental group was better than that in the control group.Only the athletes in the experimental group had a very significant improvement in the power decline rate（P<0.01）,and there was no significant change in the control group（P>0.05）.2.Compared with before training,the body fat percentage,BMI,maximum squat strength,maximum bench press strength,pull-up,abdominal muscle endurance and back muscle endurance were significantly improved in the two groups of athletes（P<0.01）.,but the improvement of the experimental group was better than that of the control group,especially in the item of maximum squat strength,there was a very significant difference between the groups（P < 0.01）;there was a significant difference between the two groups in vertical vertical jump and BMI The difference（P < 0.05）,the vertical vertical jump of the control group was significantly improved（P < 0.05）,and the experimental group was significantly improved（P < 0.01）.3.After training,the 100 m sports performances of the two groups of athletes were improved.There was a significant difference in the athletes in the control group（P<0.05）,and there was a very significant difference in the athletes in the experimental group（P<0.01）.There was no significant difference in the scores of each 50 m segment compared with that before the experiment（P>0.05）.4.Compared with before training,there were very significant differences in red blood cells and hemoglobin in the experimental group（P<0.01）,and there was a significant difference in the control group（P<0.05）,and there was no significant difference in hematocrit between the two groups（P> 0.05）;while the testosterone of the two groups of athletes had no significant change after training（P>0.05）,and the ratio of testosterone to cortisol in the two groups of athletes had no significant change after training（P>0.05）.5.Research conclusions: 1.Water and land physical training can effectively improve the anaerobic capacity of swimmers,and the effect is better than that of the water training group,especially for the athletes’ anaerobic endurance.2.Water and land physical training can improve the basic physical fitness level of swimmers,especially for the maximum strength of squat,maximum strength of bench press.3.Physical fitness training on land and water has better effect on the athletic performance of 100 m freestyle swimmers than only water training.