Intelligent Manufacturing And Enterprise Labor Income Share ——Evidence From Made In China 2025

Since the reform and opening up,China’s economy has been in a sustained and stable stage of rapid growth,but the economic growth is accompanied by the decline of the status of workers,workers can not fully enjoy the fruits of economic development.Why the more developed the economy is,the lower the proportion of labor remuneration in GDP,and how to avoid the encroachment of capital on labor,have become the focus of academic attention.At present,China’s demographic dividend gradually decreases,at the same time,developed countries widely carried out in order to made "smart" as the core to the industrialization strategy,the information represented by artificial intelligence,industrial robot technology,redefines what is advanced manufacturing,foxconn group,for example,after the introduction of automated production lines cut 30% of success,Getting rid of the name of "sweatshop" at the same time,it has to cause people to worry about the unemployment tide that intelligent manufacturing may bring.Whether intelligent manufacturing will cause a large-scale extrusion of labor income has been an urgent key issue.Due to the lack of accurate metrics for intelligent manufacturing,this thesis takes the impact of "Made in China 2025" as the research starting point and takes 1332 Listed manufacturing companies in China a-share market from 2010 to 2020 as the research sample,mainly using the differential difference model to verify the impact of intelligent manufacturing on enterprise labor income share.The impact mechanism on labor market supply and demand is discussed.This thesis demonstrates that the application of intelligent manufacturing can promote the increase of labor income share of listed companies,that is,the creative effect of intelligent labor market is greater than the substitution effect;The results remained robust after controlling for differences between the pre-treatment group and the control group,sample self-selection,and other possible exogenous interferences.In terms of the heterogeneity of impact,state-owned enterprises,private enterprises and foreign-funded enterprises have less impact.In terms of resource dependence,intelligent manufacturing has the largest positive promoting effect on the labor income share of technology-intensive enterprises,while it has a negative effect on capitalintensive enterprises,and has no significant effect on labor-intensive enterprises.In terms of the difference in employee skills,intelligent manufacturing improves the employment demand of high-skilled workers,and has a certain promoting effect on low-skilled workers,but it is significantly less than that of high-skilled workers.This thesis also explores the mechanism of intelligent manufacturing affecting labor income share from five aspects: employment,wage rate,technological progress,enterprise profit rate and financing constraint.The research shows that: first,the creation effect of intelligent manufacturing is mainly reflected in the number of employment rather than the wage rate,and the increase of the number of employment promotes the labor income share;Second,intelligent manufacturing is a typical capital-biased technological progress,which restrains labor income share to a certain extent.Third,intelligent manufacturing can not promote the improvement of enterprise profits in the short term,but reduced,by reducing the phenomenon of profit erosion of wages to improve the labor income share;Fourthly,the favorable policies of intelligent manufacturing reduce the financing constraints of enterprises and promote the share of labor income.Finally,based on theoretical and empirical research,this thesis puts forward relevant policy suggestions: implement differentiated intelligent manufacturing strategy according to industry and regional characteristics;Build intelligent manufacturing talent team,make up the talent gap;Encourage intelligent application and reduce the transformation cost of intelligent manufacturing;We will ensure the livelihood of low-skilled workers and improve income distribution policies and the social security system.