| In recent years,China’s economy has maintained sustained and stable development.Since 2012,China’s GDP has maintained a growth rate of 7.2%year-on-year.The up-and-down fluctuations have not exceeded 0.5 percentage points.In 2017,GDP grew by 6.9%over the previous year,reaching 827,122.100 million yuan.The steady development of the economy requires coordination and coordination of resources,but from today’s perspective,China’s economy and labor market are far from sustainable,and we are still committed to dealing with an important economic and social problem:the inequality of income distribution.It is the most commonly used measure to measure the balance of economic development,and is one of the most prominent social issues.In recent years,there has been a significant decline in the proportion of labor compensation in China,which is a fact recognized by most studies.The ratio of labor compensation to national income is related to the final pattern of income distribution and the initiation of domestic consumption and other major economic issues.However,for the decline in the proportion of workers’ compensation,the results obtained by different studies based on different data sources and calculation caliber are different and different,and it is difficult to form a more consistent conclusion.Based on the provincial income GDP accounting data,this paper clarifies this issue on the basis of unified caliber.The purpose of this paper is to study the true level and changes of labor income share in China and provinces in the short term,as well as the changes in the share of labor income within different industries and the impact of changes in industrial structure on the share of total labor income.The applied methods include:structural analysis,dynamic analysis,system decomposition,and adjustment of weight distribution methods.This paper accurately measures the labor income share and its changes through the widespread implicit income perspective and the treatment of net production tax and individual economy.The data of the employment structure was used to correct the data inconsistency caused by the statistical caliber adjustment during the study period,and the time series and panel data for measuring the labor income share were given reliably.The re-calculation based on the national and regional dimensions shows that China’s labor income share is basically maintained at a level above 50%,which is not significantly lower than the average level of developing countries.The rule of change has shown a cyclical variation from 1993 to the present.From the perspective of industrial structure,the analysis of the changes in labor compensation ratio is analyzed.In 2010,the ratio of labor income share of three industries and the share of labor income of sub-sectors(mainly service industry)accounted for 1993-2016.The proportion of labor income share changed by the industrial structure in the year is decreasing.From 1993 to 2004,the proportion of labor compensation in China decreased by 8.06%.The three industrial structure changes led to a decrease of 3.46 percentage points,affecting 42.89%;the industrial level factor led to a decrease of 4.60%,and the impact was 57.11%.From 2005 to 2016,the proportion of labor compensation in China decreased by 10.72%.The three industrial structure changes led to a decrease of 5.66 percentage points,and the impact accounted for 52.80%;the industrial level factor led to a decrease of 5.06%,and the impact accounted for 47.20%.In general,whether it is before or after 2004,changes in industrial structure have played an important role in promoting the decline in the proportion of labor compensation in China.From the perspective of regional structure,the proportion of labor compensation is analyzed.The average labor compensation ratio in the eastern,central,western and northeastern regions of China is 44.41%,50.71%,51.42%and 48.21%respectively.It can be found that in the regions where the economy is more developed in the past 20 years,the proportion of labor compensation is lower;in areas where the economy is less developed,the proportion of labor compensation is higher.The system decomposition results further show that the increase of labor income share is the result of the combination of positive intra-system effect and positive implicit income inter-system effect,while the decline of labor income share is the result of the relatively weak inter-system effect of hidden income which cannot suppress the negative effect in the relatively strong GDP system.Aiming at the stability dispute of labor income share,in order to more accurately measure the labor income share of China and reveal its true change rule,this paper attempts to propose a new measurement method that is included in the hidden income part,and makes a weighted average of the GDP part and the recessive income part.The treatment obtains the total labor income share,and recalculates and decomposes the labor income share from the national,regional and industrial perspectives,and systematically analyzes the trends of the national and regional labor income share from different perspectives.Since the official data of the labor compensation of the sub-sectors in each region has not been released since 2005,in order to obtain an approximate estimate,this paper collects the data of private enterprises and individual employment,towns and villages in different sub-regions from the perspective of the employed.Data on the total wages of different employment units and the ratio of disposable income of residents to measure the labor compensation data of each sub-sector,and conclude that the aggregated data of each sub-sector is related to the remuneration data of laborers in each region published by the National Bureau of Statistics,and correlation coefficient is as high as 89.77%.Most of the existing researches consider the contribution rate of each production factor from the relative proportion of national income distribution.This paper combines macroeconomic growth with national income distribution,and analyzes the proportion of labor compensation in national income from the perspective of relative data.The process of change also discusses the process of expansion and segmentation of the economic "cake" from absolute data.However,this paper does not discuss the causes and influencing factors of the change in labor income share,and explores the impact of various factors on the macro variable of labor income share.In addition,some scholars compare and analyze the labor income share of China and the international average.Objectively,international comparison should ensure the consistency of statistical indicators,but considering the content inconsistency of labor compensation measurement caused by different tax systems in different countries.Even if the self-employed labor income share is revised,it cannot make countries completely comparable in economic terms.The exploration of this issue is beyond the scope of this paper,but it is obviously a challenging and meaningful topic. |
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