Comprehensive Evaluation And Heterogeneity Analysis Of Provincial Entrepreneurial Environment In China

Entrepreneurship has been a hot topic in academic and social practice in recent years.The future development of China is inseparable from entrepreneurship activities.However,entrepreneurship is greatly affected by the entrepreneurial environment.Due to the heterogeneity of economy and politics in various provinces of China,the development level of the entrepreneurial environment is different.Therefore,it is necessary to comprehensively evaluate and analyze the entrepreneurial environment of each province.Based on the concept,research methods and relevant literature research of entrepreneurship and entrepreneurship environment and based on the panel data of China provinces from 2011 to 2018,this paper measures and analyzes the development level of the entrepreneurial environment in China by using the method of quantitative and empirical analysis.Based on the theoretical research of entrepreneurial environment,starting from five dimensions of social economic environment,government support,R & D transfer,infrastructure and cultural and educational environment,21 variable are selected through identification and redundancy.A scientific and reasonable evaluation system is determined.The entrepreneurial environment is evaluated by AHP-DEA model,system clustering,map visualization and other methods.The evaluation results show that the national average entrepreneurship environment development level has maintained a stable upward trend from 2011 to2018.Although there were some small declines in 2013,the provinces and regions of the country responded positively to the call of the prime minister in 2014,namely "mass entrepreneurship,mass innovation".The regional governments increased their support and financial investment in entrepreneurship,and the evaluation score of entrepreneurship environment rose again and improved continuously.The development level of entrepreneurship environment in various provinces and regions is very different in time and space.The level in southeast coastal areas is high,and the evaluation scores have been growing steadily in recent years.Jiangsu,Shandong and other places have been in the leading position.In recent years,Zhejiang Province has a good entrepreneurial environment and is expected to catch up with Jiangsu.Although the development of entrepreneurial environment in western region is poor,with the support of family policy,the level of entrepreneurship environment has been improved rapidly;in central areas such as Gansu,the development of entrepreneurship environment is poor,and the growth of evaluation scores has a slow downward trend.Based on five dimensions,the paper selects the variables which may affect the entrepreneurial environment,including the GDP,public service expenditure,patent authorization,park green space area and the number of university students.Taking the scores of entrepreneurship environment in each province as the dependent variable,the other indicators as independent variables,Tobit regression model is established,and the linear and non-linear correlation between dependent variables and independent variables are analyzed.The regression results show that: the three dimensions of social economic environment,R & D transfer and cultural and educational environment have significant inverse U-type nonlinear correlation with the development level of entrepreneurship environment,which indicates that in the early stage of the development of entrepreneurial environment,with the higher and higher economic level,the environment of R & D transfer and cultural education is getting better and better,and the level of entrepreneurial environment is growing linearly.However,when these three dimensions reach a certain extent,it will have a negative impact on the development of entrepreneurial environment,slowing down the promotion of entrepreneurial environment;the development level of government support,infrastructure and entrepreneurial environment The positive linear relationship shows that the more government expenditure,the more perfect the regional infrastructure construction,the linear improvement of the entrepreneurial environment development level will be.According to the research conclusion,the following suggestions are put forward:we should rationally understand the relationship between the dimensions and the development level of entrepreneurial environment.We should pay enough attention to the development of the entrepreneurial environment and improve the regional entrepreneurship environment.We should formulate the regional entrepreneurship environment development policy in a targeted way,and strive to reduce the difference of the development level of the entrepreneurial environment among regions.