Construction And Application Of Primary School Science Teaching Model Based On Scratch

In 2017,the Science Curriculum Standard for Primary Schools in compulsory Education was formally promulgated.The new curriculum standard puts forward new requirements for science curriculum teaching,advocating multi-disciplinary integrated teaching in science classes and paying attention to the cultivation of students’ scientific literacy.However,there are still many problems in the offering and teaching of science curriculum in primary school.The integration of children’s programming education and subject curriculum has become an important topic in the current research.Scratch,as a landmark software for children’s programming,is popular all over the world.However,children’s programming education exists mainly in the form of teacher market training in China,which has not reached the popularity of large-scale schooling.Therefore,to construct the teaching model of the integration of children’s programming education and subject curriculum,select and integrate the relevant contents of primary school science curriculum,and further improve and optimize the teaching model through the application of teaching practice,in order to determine the primary school science teaching model based on Scratch,has become the topic of this study.Starting from the reality of the development of science classroom teaching and children’s programming education in China,this study aims to enrich and optimize science teaching methods and accelerate the popularization of children’s programming education in China.Under the guidance of constructivism,4p learning theory and Dewey’s “learning by doing” theory,and taking the design research method(DBR)as the main research method,this paper designs and constructs a primary school science teaching model based on Scratch and applies it in practice.The main research contents and achievements include the following basic aspects:First,through the literature method,this study summarizes the research status of the integration of Scratch programming and disciplines at home and abroad,as well as the development and implementation of primary school science in our country,and expounds the theoretical basis of teaching model construction and the premise of enriching primary school science teaching methods.Second,through questionnaires and teacher interviews,this study specifically understands the development of science curriculum and students’ learning in primary schools in China,and finds that there are some basic phenomena in primary school science,such as low attention to science in school teaching,simple teaching methods,and lack of discipline integration and technology participation in teaching.Third,this study discusses the necessity of the integration of programming education and discipline and the characteristics of Scratch: the new form of teaching integration can change and reshape the concept of computing education;create an atmosphere and situation for programming to integrate into the discipline;coordinate the integration of programming and subject knowledge to help students learn and develop.Scratch algorithm simplification,media-rich image space,top-down,divide-and-conquer repair concept and the free situation of design,construction,communication and cooperation make it the first choice of media tools.Based on this,the teaching model takes design research method and 4p learning theory as the design principle and theoretical basis respectively,and then determines the four stages of defining abstraction,algorithm design,iterative implementation and extension as teaching activities.the specific teaching process and teaching activity template are designed.Fourth,this study selects the corresponding primary school scientific knowledge content for teaching design and teaching practice in experimental schools,and then collects students’ and teachers’ learning and teaching feedback in the form of student questionnaires and teacher-student interviews.The teaching model is improved and optimized.