| Basketball requires highly on the physical fitness of its players.However,in training and games,long-term and high-intensity technical actions such as rapid movement,sudden stop and rocket start,changing direction and so on will increase the risk of basketball players’ lower limb injuries and change their gait characteristics.In this study,subjests are students who participate in basketball training and learning in China University of Mining and Technology,vary from high-level basketball players,basketball-specialized students and non-professional students.The Motion Metrix gait tester and balance test and training device were used to collect the gait parameter indexes and balance indexes of 61 subjects at different paces.This research aims to study the gait characteristics of college students with different basketball levels,and to analyze the differences in gait characteristics of high-level basketball players,basketball-specialized students and non-professional students,also to study the relationship between balance ability,lower limb special ability and gait parameters.Actually it will provide a theoretical basis for the scientificalization of level basketball training and the prevention of sports injuries of high level players.By analyzing the test data of the subjects in this study,we conclude that.(1)Compared with basketball-specialized students and non-professional students,high-level basketball players have significant differences in gait parameters such as step length,stride length,gait cycle,Step frequency and hip joint moment(P<0.05).Hip and knee angles of high-level basketball players and basketball-specialized students are significantly different from those of hip and knee angles of non-professional students(P<0.05).The ankle angles of high-level basketball players differ significantly from that of an non-professional students(P<0.05).The scores of high-level basketball players,basketball-specialized students and non-professional students their joint loads were 42.48±12.12,36.82± 15.89,42.55±16.21.Their gait were 3.00±0.56,2.8±0.66,2.7±0.81.And their economic grades were B,B,and C.(2)The stability limit test(LOS)of high-level basketball players,basketball-specialized students and non-professional students are 3.50±1.28 °,4.74±1.04°,4.94±2.21°,and 4.79±2.21°,4.23±1.09°,3.93±1.07°.The left tilt angles of these different level are 7.24±1.82°,7.11±1.20°,7.07±1.20 °,and the right tilt angles are 6.94±1.66 °,6.83±1.10 °,6.50±1.30 °,respectively.The dynamic balance ability of high-level basketball players is better than that of basketball-specialized students and non-professional students.The static balance abilities of these three groups were all within the normal range,but the swing of the center of gravity of the high-level basketball players was greater than that of the other two groups.(3)Except for step width,step frequency,and hip sagittal flexion angles which are smaller than those of the basketball-specialized students and non-professional students,the other indicators of high-level players are larger than those of the basketball-specialized students and non-professional students.Except for the vertical displacement,vertical force,and lateral force of the center of gravity,the other indicators of high-level players are significantly different from those of the non-professional students;And except for the frontal force of the hip joint and the frontal torque of the knee joint,there is a significant difference between high-level players and basketball-specialized students.The gait cycle of basketball-specialized students is shorter than that of non-professional students,and the gait frequency is greater than that of non-professional students.Basketball-specialized students and non-professional students have no significant differences in the torque generated by the frontal surface of the hip joint and the angles of the hip and knee joints.(4)High-level basketball players have better gait ability and running economy,but the joints bear a greater load,and the risk of chronic osteoarthritis is higher than that of basketball-specialized students;Non-professional students have the poorest performance in gait ability and running economy.And their joints bear the greatest load and has highest risk of chronic osteoarthritis during playing.Among high-level basketball players and basketball-specialized students,boys’ knee joints produce more force and torque on the frontal plane than girls,and boys are more likely to suffer from knee arthritis than girls.Lower limb sports injury history will have a certain impact on gait indicators,and these effects are mainly concentrated in high-level basketball players.(5)In addition to strengthen the lower limbs,high-level basketball players can appropriately increase the flexibility of the lower limb joints in the sagittal plane,improve the step length,and improve the running ability.There are significant differences in the gait characteristics of Center,Forward,And Defender.The gait of Center is characterized by longer step length,slow step frequency,and time-consuming characteristics,while the gait of Defender is characterized by shorter step length,faster step frequency,and shorter time-consuming,and the indicators of Forward is in between the Center and the Guard.Therefore,it is suggested that gait indicators such as step length,step frequency,and percentage of each phase of the gait cycle can be added as one of the reference indicators for basketball player selection.The paper has 25 pictures,30 tables,and 90 references. |
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