Research On The Coupling And Coordination Of Rural Population-Land-Industry Factors In Fengjie County,Chongqing City

New urbanization makes cities excessively absorb high-quality rural resources in the rapid development process,leading to population loss,land abandonment,industrial decline,and other problems in rural areas.The current research on the coupling and coordination of rural factors is mainly concentrated in the economically developed areas of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei,Bohai Rim,and Yangtze River Delta,but rarely involves the economically backward areas in the west.Fengjie County,located in the heart of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area,is the hub connecting the north and south economies of Hunan,Hubei,Chongqing,and Shaanxi.It also belongs to the contiguous poverty-stricken area in the Qinba Mountains,and is the main battlefield of the new round of poverty alleviation in China.To achieve the 2021 No.1 Document’s goal of accelerating the integration development of urban and rural in country scale,it is necessary to objectively understand the spatial-temporal evolution law of the coupling and coordination of rural population-land-industry elements.Moreover,it is important to explore the driving factors influencing the spatial differentiation of the coupling coordination level of rural population-land-industry elements.In this way,the future direction of rural development can be accurately identified and the achievements of poverty alleviation and rural revitalization can be effectively linked.This thesis focuses on the issue of how to coordinate the development of rural population,land,and industry,with 30 township units in Fengjie County as the research object.Rural elements are identified and classified to construct an evaluation index system for rural population,land,and industrial elements.The evaluation index system evaluates the comprehensive development level of rural population-land-industry elements in Fengjie County in 2009,2014,and 2019.It also analyzes the spatial-temporal correlation pattern and region differentiation characteristics based on the measurement results.Second,the coupling coordination degree of rural population-land-industry factors and pairs of them are measured and analyzed.Meanwhile,the K-means clustering analysis method is used to carry out regional classification.Then Pearson correlation analysis method is used to explore the dominant factors influencing the spatial differentiation of the rural population-land-industry elements coupling and coordination level.Finally,a differentiated rural development optimization strategy is proposed for different districts,which provides a reference for improving rural population-land-industry elements’ coupling and coordination level.The research conclusions of this article are as follows:(1)The research results show that in the time dimension,the comprehensive development level of rural population-land-industry in Fengjie County has shown an upward trend year by year,and the growth rate from 2014 to 2019 is higher than that from 2009 to 2014.In terms of spatial dimensions,the comprehensive development level of rural population-land-industry in Fengjie County has a significant positive spatial correlation.It also presents a spatial distribution pattern of agglomeration.The agglomeration area with a high value of comprehensive development level of rural population-land-industry is expanding continuously and shows a trend of westward development from the surrounding towns of the central area;low-value agglomeration areas are shrinking continuously.With the strengthening of poverty alleviation efforts,poverty alleviation has achieved remarkable results.Low-low correlation areas did not appear in 2019,and there is no relatively concentrated low-level development area.(2)The research results show that the fastest growth of the coupling degree and coupling coordination degree of rural population-land-industry elements in Fengjie County is the running-in period and the moderate coordination period.There are significant differences in the spatial-temporal pattern of the coupling and coordination level of rural population-land-industry elements.In the spatial dimension,the high-value area is higher in the north and lower in the south,and the high-value area gradually overflows to the periphery.In the time dimension,the coupling and coordination degree presents a fluctuating evolution characteristic from low value to high value.There is a difference in the degree of coupling coordination between the pairs of elements.The population-land coupling and coordination level develops slowly,and the population-industry coupling and coordination level is higher than that of population-land and land-industry,which both show an increasing development trend year by year.Based on the coupling and coordination degree of rural population-land-industry factors in 2019,and other factors such as location,nature and economy,the townships in Fengjie County are divided into development coordination areas,intermediate coordination areas,mild imbalanced areas,and lagging imbalanced areas using K-means cluster analysis.(3)The research results show a positive correlation between urbanization rate,gross regional production,permanent population,investment in towns and villages,and the level of coupling and coordination of rural population-land-industrial factors in Fengjie County.Topographic relief and the number of trainees have no obvious effect on the coupling coordination level.The slope,the distance from the county center,and the level of integration and coordination are negatively correlated.The development of a coordinated area has a good economic foundation and location conditions to promote the efficient development of various elements,but there are problems of shrinking arable land and loss of labor.Intermediate coordinated areas can ensure the full flow of elements,but individual areas need to pay attention to stimulating endogenous power.The scale of villages in mildly imbalanced areas has become more agglomerated,and the potential for rural development is huge,but the two-way occupation of high-quality resources has hindered the development of rural elements.The lagging imbalanced areas play a positive role in the protection of the ecological environment to a certain extent.The richer cultivated land resources can promote the development of characteristic rural industries,but the high-quality resources in the marginal areas are difficult to flow in,and it is easy to form a "rural disease".(4)To narrow the gap in the level of rural development,improve the coupling and coordination level of rural population-land-industrial elements,and promote the overall county-level rural development level in the hinterland of the Three Gorges reservoir area,optimized regulation strategies are proposed.Specifically,the coordinated development area should integrate the cultivated land resources to reduce the land loss,improve the attractiveness of rural areas,and reduce population loss.Intermediate coordination areas should strengthen industrial linkages to achieve group development,exert their own "blood-making" function,and reduce dependence on policies.Mild imbalanced areas should strengthen the guidance of the two-way population flow,actively strengthen the village collective economy,and encourage farmers to develop industries.The lagging imbalanced area can shape the characteristic rural culture,increase the village’s attractiveness,develop the underforest economy,and open up new development methods.Rural areas should implement industrial modernization development,strengthen the attraction and training of talents,and improve various rural infrastructures.