Research On The Application Of Group Social Work In The Role Adaptation Of The Retired Elderly

With the deepening of social transformation in our country,retirees have become a reckoned social group.Retirement is national welfare for the elderly,which is also a challenging process of transformation.Although most of the elderly are prepared before retirement,when they actually leave the positions that they have been working for many years,it will still be difficult to accept the changes.At the early stage of their retirement,when they leave the original circles of work and life and go back to the families,their social roles change from the professional to leisure ones,and their family roles change from the dominant to subordinate ones.Such transformation of roles will construct huge influences on the lives and mentalities of the elderly in cities,easily causing the imbalance of social roles of these urban elderly.Through field studies,it is found that the urban elderly tend to have mental problems such as loneliness and frustration more easily.By sorting out the internal factors and external factors,the author believes that the internal factors that influence the imbalance of social roles of urban elderly are mainly physical aging,relatively low income,declining of social status,shrinking of social circles,the rigidity of thinking and behaviors,poor self-awareness,etc.;and the external factors that influence the imbalance of social roles of urban elderly are mainly discrimination of social values,imperfect retirement policies,partially lack support from social networks,especially support from the communities.This article is composed of four parts.Chapter one mainly illustrates the research background,purposes and significance,and it summarizes the literature both outside and at home.Based on this,this part also analyzes the contents of core concepts and theory basis,defining the research basis of the following contents.Chapter two mainly includes three parts.Firstly,it is the expression forms of the difficulties in making adjustments for the retirees,including mentalities and behaviors;secondly,it analyzes the factors that influence the elderly to get used to the transformation of roles,including their internal factors and external environmental factor;thirdly,it analyzes the problems for the elderly to adjust,including influential factors of themselves,the society,families and other aspects.Chapter three is the focus of the article,it mainly analyzes the group work intervention process to the role adjustment of the retirees.In the preparation stage,it mainly analyzes the background of group activities and makes estimations and analysis based on this,and then makes group plans;in terms of group work contents,it mainly analyzes the preparation and formation,and analyzes its development,maturity and group revisit;in the specific evaluation stage of group work intervention,it’s mainly about how to make evaluation plans and analyze on it,and how to illustrate the evaluation results.Chapter four concludes the research of this article.This article summarizes the bad influences of the difficulties in role adjustment for the retirees in their early stage and proposes adjustment methods and solutions.Through group activities,it helps the group members to solve the problem of role adjustment in four aspects: to change the rigid way of thinking and behaving;to set new goals for life;to actively expand the circle of social interaction;to focus on the realization of self-values.With six group activities,group members have conducted communications and cooperation at different levels,which makes them clear about their new life goals and the direction of interests.In addition,there are also social community organizations established to help more elderly with the difficulties of role adjustment to solve their problems.