The Impact Of Subjective Well-being On Fertility Desire Of Chinese Residents Of Childbearing Age ——An Empirical Analysis Based On CGSS2017 Data

Investigation reports and empirical studies on fertility in recent years have shown that since the promulgation and vigorous implementation of the “family planning” policy in my country,the fertility behavior and fertility desire of residents have continued to decline,and the number of new populations has repeatedly hit new lows.China has entered the ranks of "low fertility" society.The continued decline in the fertility rate will cause the country’s demographic structure to continue to be unbalanced,the aging trend of the population will continue to increase,and the labor force cannot be continuously and effectively supplied,resulting in the failure of sustained economic growth.In order to solve this problem,the country has continuously lifted the restrictions on reproductive behavior at the policy level.Until 2017,my country has implemented the "comprehensive two-child" policy.However,after several years of policy implementation,the number of new populations has not reached the desired level.expected.The enhancement of the fertility desire of Chinese residents of childbearing age has become a very necessary topic in the current research on fertility in China.In recent years,there have been endless researches on the fertility desire,the most of which is the research on the factors affecting the fertility desire.In these studies,the influencing factors of fertility desire can be roughly divided into personal and social factors.Among the personal factors that can affect the fertility desire,there are factors such as education level,income,religious beliefs,housing conditions,etc.;and among the social factors that can affect the fertility desire,public service satisfaction,the quality of basic education,etc.are all affected by various parties.Favored by scholars.However,in so many studies,there are very few studies on the impact of subjective factors on the fertility desire,and after the influence of policy factors slowly recedes,the study on the impact of subjective factors on the fertility desire.After combing and analyzing previous studies,this article believes that subjective well-being is a subjective factor that occupies an important position in the impact on residents of childbearing age.The main innovation of this article is that it uses the latest CGSS2017 survey data and confirms from an empirical point of view that subjective well-being plays an important role in many factors influencing the fertility desire of residents of childbearing age.The purpose of this article is two parts.First,whether the subjective well-being of the residents of childbearing age will affect the fertility desire of the residents of childbearing age,what kind of impact will it cause,how deep the impact is,and what is the mechanism behind it.Secondly,in the impact of the subjective well-being of the residents of childbearing age on the fertility desire,will it show heterogeneity to residents of different childbearing age,and what are the reasons behind the heterogeneity? Based on this,this article adopts the latest 2017 data from the latest China Comprehensive Social Survey CGSS,taking the fertility desire as the explained variable,the subjective wellbeing of the reproductive age residents as the core explanatory variable,and the introduced control variable is gender.Age,ethnicity,religious belief,political outlook,physical health,household registration,family economic situation,education level,subjective sense of fairness,etc.After reasonable cleaning and combing of the CGSS2017 data,a sample of Chinese residents of childbearing age that meets the research purpose is obtained.Based on a sample of Chinese residents of childbearing age and the above variables,this paper constructs a Logit model to explore the relationship between subjective well-being and fertility desire.In order to further confirm the robustness of the model,this paper also transformed the measurement model,using propensity score matching and Poisson regression model.After that,this article continues to explore the heterogeneity of the impact of subjective well-being on the fertility desire of different groups of Chinese populations of childbearing age,and returns the samples according to whether they have religious beliefs and age groups.Finally,research conclusions and policy recommendations are given.The research found that:（1）On the whole,the subjective well-being of Chinese residents of childbearing age can significantly and positively affect the fertility desire of Chinese residents of childbearing age.In other words,as the subjective well-being of Chinese residents of childbearing age increases,their fertility desire can increase accordingly.This is basically consistent with previous research conclusions.（2）From the perspective of religious beliefs,subjective well-being can significantly and positively affect the fertility desire of non-religious groups,but has no significant effect on the fertility desire of Chinese residents of childbearing age who believe in religion.The reason may be belief Religious residents are more affected by religious teachings when making decisions about fertility.From the perspective of age,subjective well-being can significantly positively affect the fertiliy desire of young people,but it has no significant effect on the fertility desire of middle-aged and elderly people.The reason for this may be that poor physical conditions lead to higher birth costs.When making decisions about fertility,more consideration is given to the influence of objective factors rather than subjective factors.Finally,based on the investigation of the relationship between subjective well-being and the reproductive fertility desire of residents of childbearing age,this article believes that improvements can be made from the following aspects:（1）While the country’s economy is developing steadily,the national government should continue to make vigorous efforts.The construction of people’s livelihood actively leads the transformation of the economic growth mode with the goal of improving people’s livelihood and increasing national happiness.After the people’s happiness continues to increase,China’s fertility desire and fertility level can also be continuously improved.This is a solution to China’s aging the trend of globalization and a powerful measure to ensure the effective supply of labor.（2）The state should vigorously promote the social medical security system and childbirth support services,and strive to help families who give birth to bear part of the cost of childbirth.