Study On Characteristics And Intervention Of Visual Working Memory In High Functioning Autistic Individuals

Visual working memory is responsible for the processing and processing of visual objects(such as nature,shape,texture)and spatial information(such as direction,position,motion).It is divided into two subsystems: visual object working memory and visual spatial working memory.Visual object working memory can store and process the basic information of memory target in a short time,while visual spatial working memory can store and process the related and visual motion information such as motion direction,motion state and motion speed in a short time.Visual working memory plays an important role in the learning,communication and work of autistic individuals.However,the characteristics of visual working memory are not clear so far.Whether the visual working memory of autistic individuals can be improved through intervention needs further exploration.Therefore,it is necessary to study the visual working memory of autistic individuals.Compared with low functioning autism(LFA),high functioning autism(HFA)has higher IQ and smoother communication,which has become the research object of many researchers.In this study,high functioning autistic individuals were selected as subjects to analyze the characteristics of visual working memory of HFA individuals and train their visual working memory to explore whether the visual working memory of HFA individuals has defects and plasticity.Two studies were designed in this study: study one included two experiments.In the first experiment,n-back task and 2(type of subjects)were used × 2(task level)mixed experiment design,by comparing the accuracy and reaction time of HFA individuals and ordinary individuals on n-back task,the characteristics of visual object working memory of HFA individuals were analyzed;The second experiment used Corsi module task,using 2(subject type)× 2(task level)mixed experiment design,by comparing the accuracy and reaction time of HFA individuals and ordinary individuals in Corsi module task,the characteristics of visual spatial working memory of HFA individuals were analyzed.In the second study,we conducted an intervention study on the visual working memory of HFA individuals.Using a single subject experimental design,we explored whether the "supermarket shopping" role-playing task and "knocking blocks" game task training based on the change detection paradigm and Corsi module task rules could improve the visual working memory of HFA individuals.The results are as follows(1)The accuracy and reaction time of visual object working memory of HFA individuals under different n-back tasks were significantly lower than that of ordinary individuals.The accuracy and reaction time of visual spatial working memory of HFA individuals were significantly lower than that of ordinary individuals under different tasks of Corsi module task.The visual working memory of HFA individuals is defective.(2)According to the change awareness paradigm and Corsi module task rules,the "supermarket shopping" role-playing task and "knocking on the building blocks" task training can improve the visual object working memory and visual spatial working memory of HFA individuals,respectively.The visual working memory of HFA individuals is plastic.