Physical Activity And Executive Function Characteristics And Their Correlation In Preschool Children Aged 3-6 Years

Research purposes: Preschool children are in a critical period of growth and development,and proper physical activity is conducive to physical and mental development.This study explores the basic characteristics of physical activity and executive function of 3-6 years old preschool children,as well as the correlation between physical activity and executive function,and provides a theoretical basis for the development of children’s physical activity and cognitive activity.Research methods: This study selected about 500 pre-school children from 7kindergartens in two cities in my country,with a height of 112.61±7.56 cm and a weight of 20.15±3.51 kg.Among them,the height and weight of men were113.04±7.71 cm and 20.52±3.62 kg,and women were respectively.It is112.17±7.40 cm and 19.78±3.36 kg for testing.Use Generative made in the UK to monitor the physical activity of preschool children,wear the part on the back of the left wrist joint,wear for 7 days,sampling interval,various intensity cutting points and other parameters;use the neurobehavioral function developed by the National Institutes of Health The NIHToolbox is an evaluation toolbox to objectively measure the executive function of preschool children.The collected data was descriptively processed and multiple linear regression analysis performed on various indicators using SPSS.24.Research Results:(1)The average daily sedentary behavior of preschool children was466.41±85.54 min,the average daily light-intensity physical activity behavior was310.39±65.56 min,and the average daily mid-to-high-intensity physical activity behavior was 25.18±16.56 min;average for different genders Daily sedentary behaviors: 453.65±88.30 min for boys and 481.68±75.18 min for girls;average daily light-intensity physical activity behaviors:310.32±67.37 min for boys and310.47±63.75 min for women;average daily high-intensity physical activity:30.28±for boys 18.65 min,female 19.09±10.98 min,there are significant differences between male and female preschool children;the average daily sedentary behavior of preschool children:479.55±80.28 min for large class,464.67±74.14 min for middle class,430.95±108.08 min for small class;average daily Light-intensity physical activity behavior: large class 312.91±59.01 min,middle class 323.02±64.58 min,small class 266.68±71.50min;average daily high-intensity physical activity behavior: large class 29.38±18.48 min,middle class 23.41±14.73 min,small class 17.30±10.98 min,there are significant differences between children of different grades,and the amount of high-intensity physical activity in preschool children does not meet the international recommended standards(≥60min).(2)Overall executive function characteristics of preschool children: the average scores of executive function,inhibitory control,working memory and cognitive flexibility were 71.27±19.17,30.75±11.42,8.21±3.69,32.30±7.94,respectively;preschool children of different genders performed Basic functional characteristics: the scores of executive function,inhibitory control,working memory,and cognitive flexibility test are 69.90±20.24,30.15±11.70,8.26±3.80,31.49±8.12,72.72±17.91,31.39± for girls.11.12,8.16±3.58,33.18±7.69,there is no significant difference in executive function level between men and women(P>0.05);the basic characteristics of executive function of preschool children of different grades: inhibitory control,working memory and cognitive flexibility test scores in turn,Large class 37.22±6.18,10.44±3.20,35.71±4.43,middle class 27.88±11.16,7.34±2.73,31.14±7.87,small class22.35±13.29,5.07±3.61,27.07±10.62,executive function of large class,middle class and small class The levels are all significantly different(P<0.01).(3)Physical activity and executive function The results of multiple linear regression analysis showed that inhibitory control,working memory,and cognitive flexibility were significantly positively correlated with moderate to high-intensity physical activity(P<0.01),sedentary behavior and inhibitory control,Working memory and cognitive flexibility showed a significant negative correlation(P<0.05).Research Conclusion: In some cities in my country,3-6 years old preschool children have an average of 25.18 minutes of mid-to-high-intensity physical activity per day,466.41 minutes of sedentary behaviors,and daily mid-to-high-intensity physical activity is not up to the international recommended amount.High-intensity physical activity in preschool children was significantly positively correlated with working memory,inhibitory control,and working memory,while sedentary behavior was significantly negatively correlated with inhibitory control,working memory,and cognitive flexibility.