A Study On Smartphone Usage Behavior From The Perspective Of Media Dependence Theory

The purpose of this study is to discuss the following issues: the first one is the basic situation of middle-aged and elderly people using smartphones;the second one is the factors that affect the middle-aged and elderly people ’s experience of loneliness;the third is the middle-aged and elderly people ’s mobile phone dependence tendency,Finally is the relationship between loneliness and dependence tendency.In this study,407 middle-aged and elderly people living in Kunming City,Yunnan Province,aged 45 and above and using smartphones were selected as the research object.Using the Chinese version of the Mobile Phone Dependency Index(MPAI)and the simplified version of the UCLA Loneliness Scale(ULS-8)design a questionnaire survey,and then using descriptive analysis,correlation analysis,independent sample t test,single factor analysis of variance,univariate linear regression analysis on the questionnaire data;secondly,the key questions of this study are combined with the questionnaire as a result of the survey,15 middle-aged and elderly people were selected for in-depth interviews.Combining the research results of the two methods,the following conclusions are drawn:First,the motivation of middle-aged and elderly people to use smart phones is mainly affected by their own needs(convenient for work and life)and external needs(influenced by surrounding people).Most middle-aged and elderly people use mobile phones for 7-10 years;the average daily using of smartphones is 1-3 hours(including 3 hours);the most frequent time period for using mobile phones is 20: 00-00: 00.Most middle-aged and elderly people use mobile phones at home.The basic trend of using functions of smart phones is to browse news information,keep in touch with relatives and friends,take photos,and take videos.The most recognized benefit of using it is to obtain information,and to understand new things.Difficulties in using mobile phones are mainly healthy problems such as blurred vision and cervical discomfort,slow typing,and high phone and internet charges.Second,the overall average score of loneliness of the middle-aged and elderly people in this study is 20.73 points,and the overall level is moderate loneliness.There is no significant difference in gender,urban and rural,educational background,occupation and income in loneliness of middle-aged and elderly people.Third,the cell phone dependence detection rate of the middle-aged and elderly people in this study is 26.41%.Most middle-aged and elderly people are moderately dependent.85.5% of the respondents believe that they are dependent on smartphones.The middle-aged and old people’s dependence on mobile phones is out of control,withdrawal,avoidance,and inefficiency.Among them,the out of control and withdrawal behaviors are more obvious,and the inefficiency is the least obvious.In terms of mobile phone dependence variables,income levels significantly affect the degree of mobile phone dependence.At the same time,the longer the mobile phone is used,the higher the dependence of the mobile phone.Fourth,loneliness is significantly positively correlated with mobile phone dependence,and loneliness can predict mobile phone dependence significantly.Middleaged and elderly people with higher loneliness experience are more likely to have cell phone dependence.