The Research Of The Historical Evolution Of The View On Special Children And Its Enlightenment On Contemporary Education

The problem of the view on special children is essentially a problem about the view on people.As human beings,special children have their own personal dignity and due respect;as life,they have the right to self-development and self-growth;as children,they have the right to keep innocent,happy and childlike.The views and attitudes of human society towards special children are related to their living conditions,education conditions,the development of personality and social harmony.From the perspective of history and the course of special education’s development,people’s attitudes towards special children have experienced a gradual process from barbarism to civilization,oppression to liberation,debate to legislation,blindness to rational and concept to action.The historical evolution of the view of special children is influenced by political and economic conditions,culture and religion,philosophy,psychology and pedagogy,and shows different characteristics in different stages.The characteristics of the ancient Chinese and Western views on special children are: infanticide,species protection,exclusion and isolation,relief and care;the modern Chinese and Western views on special children are: isolation but equality,acceptance and respect,control and obedience,compensation and understanding;the contemporary Chinese and Western views on special children are: democracy and equality Communication and drawing dialogue,trust and participation,discovery and motivation.Based on the analysis of the historical evolution characteristics and causes of the views on special children in various stages,the author believes that a scientific view on special children should be established,with the development trend as follows: clarifying the dimensions of the differences and conflicts of the views on special children;paying attention to the needs of the social development of special children;paying attention to the length of life of special children,and sensing their soul needs.The inspiration for contemporary education is: the purpose view of special education requires to maintain the personal dignity of special children and develop their unique life personality;the curriculum view of special education requires to select the content suitable for special children;the methodology view of special education requires to improve the professionalism of special teachers;the evaluation view of special education requires to establish a multi evaluation system for special children.This paper studies the view of special children from ancient times to the present,in order to provide the thinking direction for the policy improvement of the contemporary special education,and at the same time,it also provides the correct guidance for the social public to treat the concept and view of special children,and changes the biased and even wrong concept held by most people.Find out the useful reference and enlightenment for the view of special children,and let people with special needs truly participate in social life equally.