The Reference And Enlightenment Of Modern Apprenticeship In Switzerland To The Personnel Training Mode Of Modern Apprenticeship In China

Since the ministry of education issued the opinions on carrying out the pilot work of modern apprenticeship in August 2014,the country has launched three batches of pilot projects of modern apprenticeship in just six years.Modern apprenticeships have also moved from a gradual introduction to a comprehensive one as the ministry of education issued the notice on comprehensively promoting the work of modern apprenticeships in May 2019.Modern apprenticeship production is a mode of technical and skilled personnel training that deepens the integration of industry and education and the cooperation between schools and enterprises.It has become an important important measure for China’s vocational education from ’quantity expansion’ to ’quality improvement’.At present,China’s third batch of modern apprenticeship pilot projects have made progress.Although it has achieved a breakthrough in scale,there are still some problems in modern apprenticeship training,such as low enthusiasm of enterprises,inadequate integration of school-enterprise resources and lack of standard framework.Learning from the experience of modern apprenticeship training in developed countries and combining with the actual situation in China,then explore the establishment and improvement of the talent training mode suitable for the development of modern apprenticeship in China,which has become a realistic demand for improving the quality of vocational education personnel training in China.Based on the perspective of international comparative study,Switzerland,a country with high development level of modern apprenticeship,was selected for in-depth study.Through literature reading and analysis,the development process of Swiss apprenticeship in different historical periods was sorted out to understand the historical context of the development of modern apprenticeship in Switzerland,and then the standard framework and guarantee mechanism of the development of modern apprenticeship in Switzerland were interpreted from a macro perspective.This paper probes into the concrete implementation process of modern apprenticeship system in Switzerland from the aspects of school-enterprise cooperation in personnel training,and summarizes the advantages and experience of modern apprenticeship system in Switzerland.Based on the third batch of pilot annual inspection reports released by the management platform of modern apprenticeship pilot work on the portal website of the ministry of education,the third batch of pilot colleges and universities the status quo of modern apprenticeships are summarized,using tools such as EXCEL data sorting and statistics.Then,This paper analyzes the common problems of the third batch of modern apprenticeship pilot colleges in the process of school-enterprise cooperation in personnel training from a macro perspective.Meanwhile,at case-by-case approach,the third batch of modern apprenticeship pilot schools H school,conducted field research in the form of interviews,and explored the problems in the talent training process of modern apprenticeship pilot schools in China from a dual perspective.It mainly includes: lack of cost sharing mechanism,which leads to the enterprises to participate in the apprenticeship training enthusiasm is low;the integration degree of the resources of the three parties of college,enterprise and students is not high,which leads to the lag of the mode of work and study;enrollment and recruitment mode is difficult to implement because of channels are not free;the course system is not perfect,which leads to difficult in combination of industry and education of student;the incentive mechanism is insufficient,which leads to participation enthusiasm of double mentors is low;the "double tutor" qualification standard is not established,which leads to the non-standard construction of the teaching team.It is an urgent task for China to develop high quality modern apprenticeship system and meet the market demand of industrial enterprises for human resources.By learning from the successful experience of modern apprenticeship in Switzerland,China should clarify the cost sharing problem of modern apprenticeship through the central government,innovate the education subject to reduce the burden of enterprises,and improve the enthusiasm of enterprises to participate in apprenticeship training.Provincial governments should broaden the recruitment channels of pilot colleges and promote the integration process of recruitment.At the level of school and enterprise,resources of school,enterprise and students should be integrated to innovate the alternative mode of learning.Strengthen the construction of "double mentors" team by clarify the qualification and incentive mechanism of double mentors.Curriculum system for personnel training should be improved for joint the 1+X certificate system.Innovate the educational concept and the main body,strengthen the function of the trade association,draw lessons from professional organizations and the Hong Kong vocational training council to give full play to the role of trade associations in apprenticeship training.Finally,the external management mechanism between the central government and the provincial governments on the macro perspective and the internal operation mechanism of tripartite cooperation among schools,industries and enterprises on the micro perspective should be formed,in order to promote China’s modernapprenticeship talent training comprehensive and in-depth development.