Research On The Impact Of Labor Quality On Employment Structure

The report of the 19 th National Congress of the Communist Party of China puts forward "to achieve higher quality and full employment".It not only needs to promote the continuous increase in employment,but also to make up for short employment board to optimize employment structure.With the advent of the "machine substitution" and "artificial intelligence" era,there is a serious lack of effective labor in high-end industries and an actual surplus of replaceable labor in other occupations.The impact of labor quality on employment structure cannot be underestimated.Cultivating high-quality laborforce suitable for industrial development is also a requirement for achieving high-quality economic development.What is the influcing mechanism of labor quality on employment structure? How to optimize the employment structure and improve the structural contradiction of employment? This is the research focus of this article.The employment structure is analyzed in this article.And three perspectives are included: industry,inter-industry,and urban and rural.It establishes a theoretical framework and empirical model about the internal relationship between the quality of labor and various types of employment structure,and puts forward corresponding measures and suggestions according to China’s current situation,the following five aspects are included.First,research related literatures.Based on a comprehensive understanding of available literatures,determine the research focus,content,technical routes,and innovation points of this article to lay the foundation for subsequent research.Second,annalyze the status of labor force and various types of employment structure.Third,based on related theory about human capital and employment structure,construct a theoretical analytical framework of the impact of labor quality on various types of employment structure: based on the "internal effect" of human capital,labor quality directly affects various types of employment structure.The improvement of labor quality promotes the increase in the marginal productivity of individual labor,promoting the transfer of employment types of individual labor,which ultimately lead to the adjustment of the employment structure.Based on the "spillover effect" of human capital,the mechanism which the quality of labor force promotes the industrial structure can indirectly conduct to the adjustment of the employment structure.Fourth,using the mediating effect model,31provinces’ panel data from 2008 to 2017,and system GMM analysis method forverification,it is confirmed that three hypotheses are valid:(1)The improvement of labor force quality will promote the optimization of employment structure of industry,inter-industry and urban and rural;(2)The optimization of labor force quality structure will change the distribution of labor force in industry,inter-industry and urban and rural,and promote the optimization of various types of employment structure;(3)The improvement of labor force quality and the optimization of the labor force quality structure will promote the upgrading of industrial structure,thereby indirectly promoting the optimization of various types of employment structures.Fifth,combined with the current status of employment structure and empirical research conclusions,put forward specific suggestions to address the issues of the optimization of employment structure:(1)deepening education reform;(2)improving the enterprise talent training system;(3)improving the job market talent training system;(4)improving the talent policy;(5)coordinating the urban and rural labor market.