Research On Data Literacy Cultivation Strategy Of American Pre-service Teacher Education

The integration development of big data and education is an inevitable trend of future education.As the leader of education and teaching,it is a general focus of future education development in various countries that how to make use of data to make teaching decisions and classroom management,so as to make teaching practice more targeted and appropriate,and then provide professional and high-quality education services.That is to say,in addition to the traditional ontological and conditional education and teaching knowledge,future teachers should also have active and sensitive data awareness and the ability to use data to make decisions and management,that is,teacher data literacy.In response to the need of the development of intelligent and digital education under the wave of data,the data literacy of pre-service teachers in the United States has flourished and achieved remarkable results since the No Child Left Behind Act put forward clear requirements on teachers’ data application ability.Based on the theory of education management system and the operation logic of teacher education governance in the United States,this paper regards the cultivation of pre-service teachers’ data literacy as a systematic linkage between the education system and other social subsystems.Depend on this logic,this paper analyzes and explores the specific functions and effectiveness of various subjects involved in the cultivation of pre-service teacher data literacy,such as federal and state governments,teacher education institutions,data and education technology professional organizations etc.So as to summarize and refine the overall strategy of the cultivation about data literacy of pre-service teacher in the United States.In view of that both China and the United States have basically achieved popularization in the construction of hardware facilities of educational informatization and the network of school education.So the obstacle of infrastructure has gradually disappeared,and the deep integration of data technology and education has become an inevitable trend.Based on the domestic development needs,this paper refines the successful experience of the United States,and innovatively provides suggestions for the cultivation of pre-service teachers’ data literacy in China from the macro level of policy system construction,governance model improvement,and the meso level of database construction,training implementation and so on.This study consists of five parts,as follows:Part Ⅰ:background combing and data literacy content.This chapter starts with the educational management system theory and the decision-making culture background of"data supremacy" to analyzes the reasons for the formation of the systematic cultivation strategy of pre-service teachers’ data literacy cultivation in the United States.At the same time,it also summarizes the content structure of data literacy.Part Ⅱ:origin and development.From the perspective of international competition and the development demand of domestic education quality,this chapter clarifies the reasons for the rise of pre-service teachers’ data literacy in the United States,and analyzes the evolution process of its cultivation strategy in different periods from the perspective of historical development.Part Ⅲ:the function analysis of the strategy body.The government,teacher education institutions,and social forces represented by associations all play their respective roles in the strategy implementation.The government is responsible for policy guarantee and macro guidance;teacher education institutions carry out specific training and implementation through curriculum teaching and practice;the professional associations provides technical and practical support with its own characteristics.Part Ⅳ:case analysis.Taking the Oregon Direct Access to Achievement Project as an example,this paper discusses the implementation of data literacy cultivation strategies for pre-service teachers from the aspects of state policy and financial support,teacher education institution training and implementation represented by western Oregon university,and social support in details.Part Ⅴ:Features and implications.The cultivation of pre-service teachers’ data literacy in the United States has the following characteristics:multi-subject collaboration;professional data technical guidance;inspiration of assessment drive.And according to the enlightenment obtained from the actual situation of our country,firstly,it is essential to create the data driven decision environment and maintain the rule of data use.Then the government is supposed to issue the data use policy to drive and build the data resource database.What’s more,constructing the data literacy cultivating model of pre-service teachers with multiple subjects participating.Finally,cutting-through the cultivating and guiding development of data literacy both in teachers’ pre-service and in-service period.