Research On The Thought Of Distributive Justice In "Critique Of The Gotha Programme"

The issue of justice is a topic that philosophers have been unable to avoid from ancient times to the present.In socialist China,the public and private ownership of the means of production coexist,and distribution according to work and distribution according to capital coexist,which greatly promotes social prosperity and development,and a series of social problems have emerged,such as class differences,unfair income distribution,and public resources.Uneven distribution,widening gap between rich and poor,etc.Therefore,it is imperative to deepen reforms,but because of the different interest demands of different classes,various voices have appeared on how to reform.Therefore,an in-depth study of the thought of distributive justice in the “Critique of the Gotha Programme” has certain theoretical and practical significance for clarifying Marx’s view of distributive justice and guiding my country’s socialist cause.From Philosophy to Marxist political economy has been implicit in his view of justice,it was first in the "Rheinische Zeitung" work period,mainly the formation of ethical justice to speculative philosophy as research methods.Later,the establishment of historical materialism provided a scientific method for the study of Marx’s thought of distribution justice,that is,to study distribution justice from the practice of material production,and established the research path of Marx’s distribution justice thought.The study of political economy has proved the injustice of capitalism and provided an economic foundation for constructing the idea of distributive justice.In “Critique of the Gotha Programme”,Marx used historical materialism and political economy theory to construct the thought of distribution justice,which marked the maturity of Marx’s thought of justice.The basic content of the thought of distributive justice in “Critique of the Gotha Programme” includes: Distributive justice is a manifestation of labor justice,and distributive justice must be discussed on the basis of public ownership of the means of production;Distributive justice must be realized through a realistic revolutionary movement,and the specific measure is to abolish the wage labor system;The transitional stage of the dictatorship of the proletariat is a necessary stage for the realization of distributive justice;The ultimate goal of distributive justice is the free and comprehensive development of individuals.Marx’s distributive justice thought criticized the past legal justice and formal justice,pointed out the inequality caused by this kind of justice in reality and its incompleteness,and made the realization of labor justice and substantive justice possible.It completely changed the view of justice by thinkers in the past,opened up a new way of studying justice thought,and influenced later western scholars’ research on justice.Rawls’ s “fairness and justice” theory,especially the reconstruction of Marx’s justice thought by Western Marxist scholars,has been influenced by Marx.The idea of distributive justice in “Criticism of the Gotha Programme” provides a reference for the development of my country’s socialist cause.Restricted by the conditions of productivity,socialist distribution justice is concrete and historical.The socialist distribution practice should establish the principle of respecting labor and protecting workers.The distribution method in the primary stage of socialism is a transition to a more just distribution method in the future.