Research On The Impact Mechanism Of Public Service Supply On Heterogeneous Labor Flow

How heterogeneous labor flows and what factors will lead to heterogeneous labor mobility is an important proposition in labor economics and regional economics.Previous studies have mostly investigated economic factors such as wages and employment opportunities,describing that people tend to have higher wages and better employment opportunities,which in turn triggers the regional mobility of labor.With the improvement of people’s living standards,the high requirements for the quality of life in the inflow areas have prompted the research field to expand to public service supply factors.The classic "voting with feet" theory has laid the foundation,that is,people will choose their place of residence according to their public service supply preferences.Subsequent studies have continued to expand on this basis.Under the current background of China,the problem of labor heterogeneity has become prominent.Research on the impact of public service supply on heterogeneous labor mobility has become a hot topic.On the theoretical level,Tiebout’s "voting with feet" theory provides theoretical support for the cross-regional flow of heterogeneous labor,indicating that labor can flow freely to fulfill its own demand for public service supply.With regard to the mobility of heterogeneous labor,the choice of labor’s own heterogeneity preferences has led to their different sensitivity to the supply of public services,coupled with China’s special household registration management system and the existence of household registration discrimination for migrant laborers,making the impact of public service supply on the heterogeneous labor force different.Mechanism studies have shown that household registration restrictions have a negative regulatory effect.Low-skilled laborers have a greater negative regulatory effect due to their weak household registration acquisition capabilities.This makes the difference in the impact of public service supply on heterogeneous labor force more obvious.At the empirical level,this article uses 285 cities at prefecture-level and above in China as a sample to study the difference in the impact of public service supply on heterogeneous labor mobility from the perspective of heterogeneous labor.The research found that: First,the regression results at the national level verify the applicability of the "voting with feet" theory in my country,indicating that the labor force will choose its own place of inflow based on the public service supply preference.Dividing the labor force into high-skilled labor and low-skilled labor according to the level of education,it is found that the supply of public services has a significant impact on the high-skilled labor,but has no significant impact on the low-skilled labor.Second,further research through sample regression,divided the country into three parts: east,middle and west,and found that the eastern region has the largest influence coefficient,followed by the central region,and the western region has the smallest influence.This is related to the level of public service supply in various regions.Third,perform regression analysis on cities according to population size,and divide cities into more than 5 million,3 to 5 million and less than 3 million to study the difference in the impact of city size on heterogeneous labor mobility,and it is found that cities with a population size of 3to 5 million have the largest impact coefficient,indicating that the population size is not the bigger the better,and that more than a certain population will cause "congestion of public services." Fourth,replace the core explanatory variables and measurement methods,and conduct robustness tests to verify the reliability and scientificity of the research conclusions.Finally,an examination of the mechanism by which the supply of public services affects heterogeneous labor mobility shows that household registration restrictions have a negative moderating effect on the supply of public services.The theoretical and empirical research in this article shows that the influx of high-skilled labor into an area will take into account the supply of public services,while low-skilled labor pays more attention to factors such as wages and employment rates.Based on this,this article believes that local governments should pay attention to the important role of equalization of public service supply in the uniformization of labor space distribution,use the difference in sensitivity of public service supply in various regions to the impact of heterogeneous labor mobility,and take corresponding measures based on the actual situation in their own regions,and provide scientific and reasonable guidance on the trend of labor mobility.Public service supply is an important means for the government to guide the rational allocation of labor elements.To play the role of public service supply,it is necessary to provide more balanced public services.