An Empirical Study On The Implementation Of Grassland Ecological Protection Subsidy And Reward Policy And Village Regulations In Gansu Province

Grassland has an important strategic position in China’s overall ecological civilization construction and economic and social development.Gansu Province,one of the six grassland pastoral provinces in the country,is an important ecological barrier in China.Protecting the grassland ecology in Gansu Province is of great significance to the sustainable and healthy development of the country’s economy and society.In order to protect the grassland ecological environment and ensure the livelihood of pastoralists,China has implemented two rounds of grassland ecological protection subsidy and reward policy since 2011.It has comprehensively implemented the grassland grazing ban and grass-animal balance system to delineate and protect basic grasslands.The population of pastoral areas is scattered and the territory is vast.Grassland governance and order maintenance are guaranteed by state power.They largely rely on rural grassroots organizations and village regulations.In the past nine years,with the implementation of the grassland ecological protection subsidy and reward policy,is there any correlation between the implementation of the grassland ecological protection subsidy and reward policy and the village regulations? What effect does the village regulations have on the implementation of grassland ecological protection subsidy and reward policy? What is the role type? What does it include? At present,the research and content analysis of this relationship have not been found.To this end,this study obtained sample data of 134 households in 4 sample counties in Gansu Province through stratified random sampling survey,using Logistic regression model and OLS regression model to empirically analyze the impact of village regulations on the implementation of grassland ecological protection subsidy and reward policy;and then On the basis of the preliminary investigation,the 6 sample villages in the 3 sample townships of Maqu were revisited.Semi-structured interviews and IAD analysis were used to deeply analyze the content of grassland protection in the village regulations.Based on the above research content,this study draws the following conclusions:(1)Where there are village regulations,policies can better promote herdsmen to reduce the inventory at the end of the year.Compared with areas without village regulations,the probability of herdsmen in areas with village regulations increased by 21.09%.Where there are village regulations,policies can better promote herdsmen to engage in non-pastoral employment.Compared to areas without village regulations,the probability of herdsmen in non-pastoral employment increased by 24.54%.(2)The impact of the grassland ecological protection subsidy and reward policy on livestock breeding volume is related to the existence of village regulations.When the subsidy amount of the grassland ecological protection subsidy and reward policy is the same,where there are village regulations,the effect of the policy on reducing livestock is more obvious.Under the condition that other conditions remain unchanged,for every increase of 1,000 yuan in subsidies,where there are no village regulations,the animal carrying capacity increases by 14.49%;and where there are village regulations,the animal carrying capacity decreases by 12.92% Only an increase of 1.57%.(3)Due to geographical location,ecological environment,cultural customs,etc.,the village regulations contain rich ecological ethics and religious ethics,each with its own characteristics,This study summarizes the village regulations into three modes: government-led,religious-led,and herdsmen’s contract.The government-led type actively responded to the government’s call,and government staff promoted grassland and livestock balance and herding prohibition standards to herders through meetings and household visits;Religious-led type use of local religious customs,herdsmen to restrict the behavior of overloading and pasturing by swearing;The herdsmen’s contract type combined with local reality,the representatives of all households in the village jointly negotiated grassland protection matters,which has the nature of a contract and is binding on the herdsmen of the village.In view of the above conclusions,this study makes the following recommendations:(1)At the level of policy design,local ecological ethics and religious ethics should be respected,and ecological compensation should be combined with village regulations,folk customs,traditional culture,etc.to formulate more detailed regulations that meet local characteristics.Listen to the herdsmen’s ideas,improve the grassroots self-government organizations in the pastoral area,enhance herdsmen’s sense of identification with the grassland ecological protection subsidy and reward policy,and enable herders to participate in the grassland ecological governance.(2)At the level of policy implementation,give full play to the social role of the "elders" and monks in the monastery,and through their correct guidance,promote policy implementation to play a positive effect and form a multiple consultation mechanism.At the same time,the supervision and management methods were changed,and four levels of treatment were set up,such as notification and criticism,convening villagers ’committees to discuss collective sanctions,canceling or postponing the enjoyment of government preferential treatment,and stopping the issuance of grassland ecological compensation funds,to ensure strict implementation of the grassland ecological protection subsidy and reward policy.