| This article takes some Buddhist statues unearthed in Jingchuan from 2012 to 2013 as the research object and conducts research on their types,years,stages dividing,statue origins,and religious beliefs.First,I’ve divided the statues into fifteen types and then divided the overall statues into seven periods:the first period is in the middle and late Northern Wei Dynasty（476534）,mainly with Buddhist steles with leaf-shaped mandorla.The second period is the Western Wei Dynasty（535-556）,a new kind of statue appears:sculpture-in-the-round.The third period is the early period of the Northern Zhou Dynasty（557-572）,sculpturein-the-round statues count a large number.The fourth period is the late Northern Zhou Dynasty（572-581）,continuing the categories of statues in the previous period.The fifth period was the Sui Dynasty（581-618）,the number of statues reached its peak,and sculpture-in-the-round statues prevailed.The sixth period is the Tang Dynasty（618907）,with a rich variety of sculpture-in-the-round statues.The seventh period is the Northern Song Dynasty（960-1127）,entering the end of the development of statues.Basically the statues in each period maintain a certain connection with the official statues.The Western Wei Dynasty statues were also influenced by Yizhou,and the Northern Zhou and Sui Dynasties show a large number of Chang’an,Yizhou,and Indian Gupta statue factors.Some Indian statue elements are not found or are rarely seen in domestic statues of the same period.Judging from the subject matter of the statues,the beliefs of Sakyamuni,Avalokitesvara,Maitreya,Fahua,and Vimalakirti were popular.The frequent appearance of Dabo and Sakyamuni and the popularity of Avalokitesvara especially reflect the profoundness of Fahua belief.Finally,I put forward the concept of "Jingchuan Dayun Temple Statue Style" for the statues from the Northern Zhou Dynasty to the Sui Dynasty:the buddha garments of folds that hangs down from the left shoulder to the right side of the body or vertical line folds are popular.The bodhisattva statues have two parts of silk in front of them,and some statues decorate with hanging ropes or chains and some hold Kamandalu with long stem lotus in it.The image of Dabo and Sakyamuni sitting side by side frequently appears on the dome-shaped Buddhist steles.The overall statue style is simple. |
